despite的用法介绍

今天给大家带来despite的用法介绍，我们一起来学习吧，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

despite的用法介绍

despite在英语中是很重要的一个单词，即能组成一个词组来用，也可以自己成为一个副词。但是，很多学生对于这个单词都是不太在乎，不想去深入的学习，导致对于这个单词有很多的误解。这样最终学起来肯定会有很大的问题。所以，我们还是认真的把这个单词的用法都总结一遍，然后再去学习其它的，这样就简单多了。

一、详细释义：

n.

卑鄙的行为，侮辱，伤害

例句：

He was determined to avenge the despite.

他决心为受到的侮辱报仇雪恨。

恶意，怨恨 [U]

轻蔑，轻视 [U]

例句：

She wanted neither favor nor despite.

她既不想被人赞美也不想受到轻视。

prep.

不管，尽管，任凭

例句：

She managed to preserve her sense of humour despite everything.

她不管遇到什么情况都竭力保持着幽默感。

例句：

The problem is, how to keep production going despite a critical shortage of people.

问题在于，如何在人手奇缺的情况下继续生产。

不由自主，情不自禁

例句：

Despite myself, Jim's remarks had caused me to stop and reflect.

吉姆的话让我不由自主地停下来细想。

例句：

Hearing the good news, the kids smiled despite of themselves.

听到了这个好消息，孩子们不由自主的笑了。

二、词义辨析：

despite,in spite of,notwithstanding

这些前置词或前置短语都含有“虽然，尽管”之意。despite书面用词，指不受某事或某种原因的阻碍，语气轻于in spite of。in spite of在这些词中语气最强，可与despite换用，口语或书面语中均可使用。notwithstanding语气最弱，仅表示一种障碍的存在。

三、参考例句：

He lives on despite the car accident.

尽管出了车祸，他仍然活下来了。

They remain friends despite all their differences.

尽管看法不同，他们还是好朋友。

They achieved some victories despite these odds.

尽管受到这些挫折，他们还是取得了一些胜利。

He was obviously distressed despite being unconscious.

虽然他自己未发觉，但他显然很忧心。

Despite her aching shoulders, Nancy held on.

南希紧抓不放，不顾双肩疼痛。

I like him despite his faults.

虽然他有种.种缺点，但我仍然喜欢他。

I failed the exam despite studying hard.

尽管努力学习，我还是考试不及格。

I like him despite his faults.

虽然他有很多缺点，我仍然喜欢他。

The plane took off despite the fog.

尽管有雾，飞机仍照常起飞。

They won the game despite overwhelming odds.

尽管差异悬殊，他们还是赢得了比赛。

would rather的五个重要句型

一、后接动词原形

后接动词原形，表示“宁愿做某事”。如：

I'd rather be told the truth than be lied to. 我宁愿听真话，不愿被欺骗。

I've already seen that film, so I'd rather see another one. 我已经看过那部电影了，所以还是看部别的吧。

I'll go if you're going. If not, I'd rather stay at home. 你去我就去，否则我宁可待在家里。

I'd rather do it without anybody's help. 我宁愿不要任何人帮助，自己干这件事。

“How about a drink?” “I'd rather have something to eat.”“喝一杯怎么样?”“我宁愿来点吃的。”

注：would rather的否定式，通常要将not置于rather之后。如：

I'd rather not say anything. 我宁可什么也不说。

二、后接完成式动词

后接完成式动词，表示过去的想法，通常可译为“(本来)宁愿做某事”。如：

We went by sea, but I' d rather have gone by air. 我们是乘船去的，可我本想乘飞机去。

“At that time, I would rather have been a factory worker than an animal keeper,” he said. “那时，我宁愿做一个工厂工人，也不愿做动物饲养员，”他说道。

三、后接从句

后接从句时，从句谓语要用虚拟语气。具体说来，有以下两种情况：

1. 指现在或将来用过去时。如：

I would rather you didn't mention the price. 我愿意你别提价钱。

I'd rather you knew that now, than afterwards. 我宁愿你现在知道而不是以后。

Don't come and see me today—I'd rather you came tomorrow. 今天不要来看我——我希望你们明天来。

Tomorrow's difficult. I'd rather yon came next weekend. 明天有困难。我希望你下周末来。

“We might go for a swim” “No,l'd rather we didn't.” “我们去游泳吧。”“不，我想我们最好不去。”

“Shall I give you a cheque?” “I' d rather you paid cash.” “我付给您支票行吗?”“我想您最好付现金。”

Ann said that Bill wanted to go alone but that she'd rather he went with a group. 安说比尔想一个人去，但她宁愿他跟一大群人一起去。

2. 指过去用过去完成时。如：

I'd rather he hadn't told me about it 我宁愿他未告诉我这件事。

Kate went by car and I'd rather she hadn't. 凯特是坐汽车去的，我倒愿意她不是坐汽车去的。

I'd rather she had asked me before borrowing the car. 我真希望她先问我一声再借车。

注：有时用于虚拟语气语境中。如：

If I'd lived in 1400, I'd rather have been a knight than a monk. 如果我生活在1400年，我宁愿当骑士，不当修道士。

If she'd had a chance, she'd rather have lived 100 years ago. 如果有机会她宁愿生活在100年前。

四、用于would rather…than…结构

此结构表示“宁愿(做)……而不愿(做)……”。如：

I'd rather go hungry than eat that! 我宁可挨饿也不吃那种东西!

I' d rather pay his fine for him than let him go to prison. 我宁愿替他交罚款，也不愿让他蹲监狱。

He would rather have the small one than (have) the large one. 他宁愿要小的那个，而不愿要大的。

I'd rather use my money than leave it lying in the bank. 我宁可把钱花了也不想存在银行里。

I'd rather have a room of my own. however small (it is), than share a room. 无论房间多么小，我宁愿一个人住一间，而不愿意与别人合住一个房间。

五、用于口语表达I'd rather not

口语中说I'd rather not，表示委婉的不同意，其意为“我宁愿不……”。如：

“Are you coming with us?” “I'd rather not.” “你和我们一起来吗?“”我不想。”

“Some more wine” “Thank you. I'd rather not. I have to drive home.” “再来一点酒好吗?”“不要了，我不能再喝了。我还得开车回家呢。”

The boys' d rather go by air, wouldn't they? 男孩子更愿意坐飞机走，对吗?

You'd rather not wake a sleeping dog, would you? 你总不想没事找麻烦，对吧?

rather than的用法

一、rather than用作连词，连接两个平行结构。既可以表示主观愿望上的决择，“与其…宁可…”，也可以表示客观程度上的差异，“与其说是…不如说是…”。例如：

1、接代词

1)I,rather than you,should do the work.

该做这工作的是我，而不是你。

2、接名词

2)John ought to go rather than Jean.约翰比琴更应该去。

3)I think I'll have a cold drink rather than coffee.

我想我该要一杯冷饮，而不要咖啡。

试比较：

4)We sometimes eat rice instead of potatoes.

有时候我们不吃土豆，而吃米饭。

3、接形容词

5)These shoes are comfortable rather than good-looking.

这鞋不好看可是舒服。

6)You are doing this for yourself rather than for your friend.

你不是为你朋友，而是为你自己做这种事。

7)I'd prefer to go in August rather than in July.我愿8月去不愿7月去。

5、接动名词

8)I always prefer starting early,rather than leaving everything to the last minute.

我总是愿意早开始而不愿意把所有事情都留到最后才做。

9)He was engaged in writing a letter rather than reading the newspaper.

他那时是在写信而不是看报纸。

6、接过去分词

10)She insisted on having the room papered rather than painted.

她坚持要用纸裱糊房间，而不是把房间粉刷一下。

7、接不定式(一般省略to)

11)I decided to write rather than telephone.我决定写信而不是打电话。

12)They prefer to die fighting rather than live in enslavement.

他们宁可战死，也不肯活着受奴役。

13)I prefer to work rather than remain idle.我宁愿工作而不愿闲着。

8、接谓语动词

14)He told a lie rather than get his friend into trouble.

他宁愿说谎也不愿连累朋友。

15)Shall we go for a walk rather than watch television?

咱们不看电视，出去散步，好不好?

16)He ran rather than walked.他跑步而不是步行。

rather than后接动词原形表示主观抉择，接一个动词的过去式则表示客观差异。

9、接从句

17)It was what he meant rather than what he said.

那是指他话中的意思，而不是他所说的话。

18)It was what he had caten rather than what he had drunk that made him ill.使他得病的不是他喝的东西，而是他吃的东西。

二、rather than用作介词

R.Quirk编著的《英语语法大全》p.1387明确指出：和as well as及instead of一样，rather than后面跟一个和母句中的动词形式并不匹配的ing分词分句时，它是介词，而不是准并列连词：

19)Their actions precipitated the war rather than averting it.

他们的行为促使战争爆发而不是避免战争。

20)Rather than a new car,he bought a colour television.

他买了一台彩电，而不是一辆新车。

21)Let's finish the job today,rather than leaving it till tomorrow.

让咱们今天干完工作，而不是留到明天。

三、rather than用作从属连词，引导一种优选分句。

R.Quirk在《英语语法大全》p.1540指出：优先分句主要用从属连词rather than和sooner than引导，用不带to的不定式作该分句的谓语动词：

22)Rather than go there by air,I'd take the slowest train.

我宁愿乘最慢的火车，也不愿乘飞机去那儿。

1) rather than此处是介词短语，意思是"与其"、"不是"，相当于instead of。如：

I think you, rather than Mary, is to be punished.

我认为该受惩罚的是你，而不是玛丽。

Rather than fish, well have fried eggs and meat for lunch.

今天午餐吃煎蛋和肉，而没有鱼。

The colour seems green rather than blue.

这颜色看上去是绿的，而不是蓝的。

I always prefer starting early, rather than leaving everything to the last minute. 任何事情我总是喜欢早点做，不要到最后。

Ill have a cold drink rather than coffee. 我要喝冷饮，不想喝咖啡。

2)rather than可以和would连用，如would rather…than…或would…rather than…这时要注意"平行问题，即其前后必须用相同的语法单位。如：

Id rather have the red one than(have)the green one.

我宁愿要红的，不愿要绿的。

Id take the slowest train rather than go there by air.

我宁可乘坐最慢的火车也不愿坐飞机去那儿。

He would rather walk than drive. 他宁愿步行不愿开车。

Id prefer to go in August rather than in July. 我愿八月去，不愿七月去。

Id call her hair chestnut rather than brown.

我宁愿说她的头发是栗色，而不是棕色。

【注意】I'd rather +动词原形，通常意为"我宁愿……"，相当于"Id prefer to…"，具有选择意义，即"宁愿做……不愿做"。但是，当后接动词like, enjoy, appreciate时，rather是一个程度副词，象quite和fairly一样无选择意义，所以Id rather like不是"我宁愿喜欢"，而是"我相当(很)喜欢"。试比较下列句子：

①"Id rather like a cup of coffee." "Oh, would you? Id rather have a beer. " "我很想来杯咖啡。""噢，是吗?我宁愿喝杯啤酒。"

②We would rather appreciate your help. 我们非常感谢你的帮助。

③Which would you rather have, tea or coffee? 你更愿意喝什么，茶还是咖啡?

④He would rather enjoy seeing a film on Sundays. 他很喜欢在星期天看场电影。

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