GRE阅读出题特点

由 androidx86.net 分享时间：2023-02-15 16:05:50 加入收藏我要投稿点赞

对于GRE阅读题，不少同学表示做题压力还是不小的，题目数量较多，文章内容覆盖面广泛，不少刚接触GRE考试的同学都不甚了解，下面小编就和大家分享全面了解GRE阅读出题特点和文章题型细节基础知识，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

全面了解GRE阅读出题特点和文章题型细节基础知识

GRE阅读出题形式简介

GRE阅读大量模仿了GMAT逻辑题的出题方式。一言以蔽之：新GRE阅读 = 老GRE阅读 + GMAT逻辑。

GRE阅读中在保留了老GRE长文和短文的基础上，还增加了只有一到四句话的超短文章，称之为微文。微文虽然微小，但极具逻辑。

GRE阅读基本题型讲解

新GRE改革后语文部分做出了调整，而新GRE阅读理解题包含三种题型：

五选一( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One Answer Choice )

三选多( Multiple-choice Questions—Select One or More Answer Choices )

句子功能题( Select-in-Passage )

其中第一种“五选一”就是目前GRE阅读的题型。而第二种“三选多”(从三个选项中选出所有适合的答案，正确答案数不定，只选出部分正确答案者不得分)与第三种“句子功能”题(找到原文中与选项描述相一致的句子并点击该句子)都是阅读理解部分新增的题型。对于新GRE语文部分的内容考生不用慌张，主要还是对单词和阅读的把握。

GRE阅读题在考试中如何出现?

新GRE阅读中,目前已出现的两种情况：

(1)一个Section有4篇文章,均为短阅读,长度约为150~180字左右,每篇题目数量依次为3道,2道,2道,2道,总的题目数量为9道,此时逻辑题为1道.

(2)一个Section有3篇文章,1篇为长阅读,长度约为400~500字左右,题目数为4道,另附2篇短阅读,题目数依次为1道和3道,总共题目数为8道,此时逻辑题为2道.

个人观点：在每个Verbal Section中最多一篇长阅读,由于时间限制的原因,这在超时的OG和限时PP软件上的套题中均有所体现.在题型方面,相较于旧GRE传统的5选1题型,新G在5选1题型基础上,新增了句子选择题以及三项多选题.

总体而言,从文章的难度上,新GRE并没有改变旧GRE文章深奥、句子复杂等特点,同时在题型上注重对于文章具体句子和词汇的考察,也延续了对于文章中事物逻辑的考察,文章主题的把握.文章长度上的整体缩短,但是在题量上的增加,会导致阅读难度不断加大.

GRE阅读文章有哪些特点?

1. 按题材分：文学评论, 美国历史, 弱势群体, 生命科学

2. 按写作方法分：presentation[立论], argument[评论]

3. 按写作套路分：新旧观点型、现象解释型、结论解释型、问题解决型

GRE阅读练习：鸟叫研究

Over the years, biol.ists have suggested two main pathways by which sexual selection may have shaped the evolution of male birdsong. In the first, male competition and intrasexual selection produce relatively short, simple songs used mainly in territorial behavior. In the second, female choice and intersexual selection produce longer, more complicated songs used mainly in mate attraction; like such visual ornamentation as the peacock’s tail, elaborate vocal characteristics increase the male’s chances of being chosen as a mate, and he thus enjoys more reproductive success than his less ostentatious rivals. The two pathways are not mutually exclusive, and we can expect to find examples that reflect their interaction. Teasing them apart has been an important challenge to evolutionary biol.ists.

Early research confirmed the role of intrasexual selection. In a variety of experiments in the field, males responded aggressively to recorded songs by exhibiting territorial behavior near the speakers. The breakthrough for research into intersexual selection came in the development of a new technique for investigating female response in the laboratory. When female cowbirds raised in isolation in sound-proof chambers were exposed to recordings of male song, they responded by exhibiting mating behavior. By quantifying the responses, researchers were able to determine what particular features of the song were most important. In further experiments on song sparrows, researchers found that when exposed to a single song type repeated several times or to a repertoire of different song types, females responded more to the latter. The beauty of the experimental design is that it effectively rules out confounding variables; acoustic isolation assures that the female can respond only to the song structure itself.

If intersexual selection operates as theorized, males with more complicated songs should not only attract females more readily but should also enjoy greater reproductive success. At first, however, researchers doing fieldwork with song sparrows found no correlation between larger repertoires and early mating, which has been shown to be one indicator of reproductive success; further, common measures of male quality used to predict reproductive success, such as weight, size, age, and territory, also failed to correlate with song complexity.

The confirmation researchers had been seeking was finally achieved in studies involving two varieties of warblers. Unlike the song sparrow, which repeats one of its several song types in bouts before switching to another, the warbler continuously composes much longer and more variable songs without repetition. For the first time, researchers found a significant correlation between repertoire size and early mating, and they discovered further that repertoire size had a more significant effect than any other measure of male quality on the number of young produced. The evidence suggests that warblers use their extremely elaborate songs primarily to attract females, clearly confirming the effect of intersexual selection on the evolution of birdsong.

17.1. The passage is primarily concerned with

(A) showing that intrasexual selection has a greater effect on birdsong than does intersexual selection

(B) contrasting the role of song complexity in several species of birds

(C) describing research confirming the suspected relationship between intersexual selection and the complexity of birdsong

(D) demonstrating the superiority of laboratory work over field studies in evolutionary biol.y

(E) illustrating the effectiveness of a particular approach to experimental design in evolutionary biol.y

17.2. The author mentions the peacock’s tail in line 8 most probably in order to

(A) cite an exception to the theory of the relationship between intrasexual selection and male competition

(B) illustrate the importance of both of the pathways that shaped the evolution of birdsong

(D) give an example of a feature that may have evolved through intersexual selection by female choice

(E) refute a commonly held assumption about the role of song in mate attraction

17.3. According to the passage, which of the following is specifically related to intrasexual selection?

(A) Female choice

(B) Territorial behavior

(D) Large song repertoires

(E) Visual ornamentation

17.4. Which of the following, if true, would most clearly demonstrate the interaction mentioned in lines 11-13?

(A) Female larks respond similarly both to short, simple songs and to longer, more complicated songs.

(B) Male canaries use visual ornamentation as well as elaborate song repertoires for mate attraction.

(D) Male jays use songs to compete among themselves and to attract females.

(E) Male robins with elaborate visual ornamentation have as much reproductive success as rivals with elaborate vocal characteristics.

17.5. The passage indicates that researchers raised female cowbirds in acoustic isolation in order to

(A) eliminate confounding variables

(B) approximate field conditions

(D) quantify repertoire complexity

(E) prevent early mating

17.6. According to the passage, the song sparrow is unlike the warbler in that the song sparrow

(A) uses songs mainly in territorial behavior

(B) continuously composes long and complex songs

(D) repeats one song type before switching to another

(E) responds aggressively to recorded songs

17.7. The passage suggests that the song sparrow experiments mentioned in lines 37-43 failed to confirm the role of intersexual selection because

(A) females were allowed to respond only to the song structure

(B) song sparrows are unlike other species of birds

(D) the experiments included the songs of only a small number of different song sparrows

(E) the experiments duplicated some of the limitations of previous field studies

GRE阅读题目具体分析

长文章：我2分钟读完,知道大概是讲大气成分(二氧化碳和m)与气温的关系。不再多想，做题目：

1.主题。简单。

2.定位至4段，因为定位局限，因此可以使用选项定位法(如果定位范围很广则直接跳过)。

(a)看到marine，凭印象也知道4段没有讲，错。

(b)刚好是刚才注意到的语言现象(转折although).

(c)找twice定位。比较范畴错。

(d) 有印象的话这种结构只在第二段出现过，错。

(e)看到most马上就知道错，不仅仅是本段，即使放在全文也没有出现过最高级，至出现了大量的比较级，而比较级中没有出现过than any这样的字眼，因此最高级必错。

3.定位至二段。

三个语言现象。大概心里有数，直接看选项：

(a)虽然有比较，但是这种比较没有先后因果的概念。错。

(b)only未出现过。错。

(c)如果不能马上判断，先跳过。

(d)无比较。错。

(e)标准改写。(语言现象：重大转折although)

4.明确定位的题目。简单，只说选项缩读：

(b)simulation model为4段内容。

(d)(e)benefit/benefitial莫名其妙。并且(e)中的have been found原文中没有。

5.6.属于可以错的题目，因为没有明确定位，而没有明确定位的题目具有很大偶然性，我当时一看题目，感觉两个题目都象是取非题但又无法定位，就直接跳过做第7题了。这个取舍过程花了1分钟不到的时间。虽然本文的这两个题目还算不难，凭背景知识也可以做对，但是不能保证考场上也有这样幸运的题目，并且在当时(91年)可能这也算比较新颖的知识。因此错了绝对可以，我是给自己这样的允许的。但是象上面的4个题目和下面的第7题是绝对不能错的，我们平时练习的最终目的就是保证这些题目的正确率。这2个题目的解题方法不讲，一来我没有思考(我从来不思考这些难度题目)，二来感觉不具有普遍性。

7.结构题，简单，略。

总结：文章不难，题目也不难，就是时间紧张，尤其在考场上更会是如此。文章读个大概就可以了，题目有取舍有先后顺序有大体原则(刚才演示过了)。

短文章：

首句：作者说了arrom这个人说了个女人地位的评价。好，我们关注的就是作者对这个人所做评价的评价。

二句：语言现象：比较级+排比句+转折(while后置了)

三句：似乎是一个虚拟语气，不多想，放在这里。

四句开始：很明显的作者的评价，最最重要的地方，要读懂。

8.主题：只说缩读：

(b) 先不管到底这句话对不对，至少一眼要能看出这是细节内容，错。

(d)看到reject就知道错。

(e)看完后，1790错。

9.明确定位，简单，略。