托福听力材料表达方式有哪些

其实托福听力如果能掌握一些好的经验那么无论是对于托福听力备考还是考试都很有帮助，今天小编给大家带来托福听力材料表达方式有哪些，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力材料表达方式有哪些?

时态的表达方式

汉语中用副词表达时态，而英语中是用动词的变形来表达时态的。中国考生一般都对时态缺乏敏感度，这是很正常的，这就像外国人很难掌握我们汉语中的声调一样。

在托福听力中，尤其是在lecture(讲座)中，我们要特别注意时态的变化。因为在托福的lecture文段开头部分，教授常常会通过讨论过去讲的内容来引出本次讲座的内容，或者讨论过去的理论和观点与当前的新理论和新观点进行对比。如果不注意时态，一股脑地听下来，很容易会混淆lecture的主题，影响答题。

例如，托福.听力中一篇lecture的开头如下

Up until now in our discussions and readings about the broken early classical periods, we’ve been talking about the development of musical styles and genres within the relatively narrow social context of its patronage by the upper classes…

But I think if I were asked to identify a single crucial development in European music of this time, it would be the invention of the piano…

这篇lecture主要讲的是钢琴的发明对西方音乐史的影响，教授在讲座开头回忆了上几节课谈到的出资人如何影响音乐家的创作风格。第一句中“we’ve been talking about…”这样的现在完成进行时，表明了教授在讨论过去讲过的内容。后面由表达转折的“But”引导的用一般现在时讲述的内容才是lecture的真正重心。

所以，如果在托福听力备考中能够抓住时态的变化，我们就能更好地把握文段的结构和层次，将文章听得更有调理。

否定含义的表达方式和双重否定

在否定意义的表达上，汉语和英语的表述方式有比较大的差别。

我们来假设一个场景：妈妈让小明吃菠菜补充营养，可是小明非常不喜欢菠菜的味道，于是小明对妈妈说：“妈妈，你别让我吃了，我_____菠菜了。”

如果根据场景，帮小明把话补全来表达对菠菜的厌恶和否定，那么汉语表达大概会是：“妈妈，你别让我吃了，我最不喜欢菠菜来了。”否定的语气会很直接的表达出来。

那么，美语的表达会是怎么样的呢，大概会是：“Mommy, please, the last thing I would like to eat is spinach. ”是的，美国人会说他想吃的东西中的最后一个是菠菜。这个逻辑对中国人来说是比较“曲折”的，但是我们必须适应，否则听力中的某些关键句就会反应不出来到底是什么含义。

另外，双重否定的形式在汉语的固定词组中比较常用，如“不得不”、“无不”等等。但是双重否定在英语中用得更为灵活，不单单以固定词组的形式出现。

约定俗成的表达方式

在托福听力中有很多约定俗成的表达方式，而且这些方式往往都是由简单的单词组成，非常容易望文生义。如果不知道这些表达方式的正确含义，以美式思维方式理解和记忆，就不能很好的理解听力文段。

上面结合托福听力说明了几种表达的方式，这些大家在托福听力备考中如果能熟练掌握相信一定对大家的托福听力能提供不小的帮助，希望各位能仔细斟酌。

托福听力练习对照文本

At last month's meeting you asked me to draw up a report about the possibility of keeping the student center open twenty-four hours a day.

在上个月的会议上你们要求我起草一个报告，关于保持学生中心每天24小时开放的可能性。

I decided that the best way to assess the need for expanded hours was to talk to the people who were still in the student center at closing time.

我判断评估增加小时数的需求的最好方法是与在关闭时间依然在学生中心里面的人谈谈。

First, over the course of the two weeks, I interviewed more than fifty students as they left the student center at its regular closing time of twelve midnight.

首先，在过去两周的进程中，我面谈了超过五十名同学，当他们在通常的午夜12点的关闭时间离开学生中心时。

About eighty percent of them said they would prefer that the center stay open later.

他们中的大约百分之八十说，他们更喜欢中心保持开放更晚些。

Of the three main uses of the center—eating in the snack bar, recreation in the game room or watching TV, and studying by far the most popular late night activity is—and this may surprise you—studying.

中心的三大用途——在快餐部吃东西，在娱乐室消遣或看电视，以及学习，目前为止最普遍的深夜活动是——这也许会让你们很惊讶——学习。

Almost all of the people I talked to said that their main reason for being in the center after ten p.m. was to study in groups or to find a quiet place to study because their dorm was too noisy.

和我谈过的几乎所有的人都说，他们晚上10点之后呆在中心的主要原因是小组学习或者是找一个安静的地方学习，因为他们的宿舍太喧闹了。

Of course, many of these people used the snack bar or TV room for breaks.

当然，许多这些人使用快餐部或者电视房来休息。

My recommendation is that we ask the administration to keep the center open after midnight for studying.

我的建议是我们要求管理部门在午夜后保持中心开放用来学习。

The recreation room and snack bar can still close at the usual time.

娱乐室和快餐部依旧在通常的时间关闭。

This should meet the objection that it costs too much to staff the center from midnight to eight a.m., which I'm sure will be the first response.

这应该符合异议，就是从午夜到上午8点给中心配备工作人员成本太高，这点我肯定会是第一个反应。

托福听力练习对照文本

These days we take for granted the wide variety of music available on the radio.

一直以来我们理所当然地认为在广播里可得到广泛的，多种多样的音乐。

But, this wasn't always the case.

但是，这并非总是如此。

In the early days of radio, stations were capable of broadcasting only a narrow range of sounds, which was all right for the human voice but music didn't sound very good.

在无线电广播的早期，电台只能够广播狭窄范围的声音，这对人类声音来说还行，但是音乐听起来不是很好。

There was also a great deal of crackling and other static noises that further interfered with the quality of the sound.

还有许多噼里啪啦声和其他静电噪声进一步干扰了声音的质量。

A man named Edwin Armstrong, who was a music lover, set out to change this.

一个名叫Edwin Armstrong，这人是个音乐爱好者，打算改变这事。

He invented FM radio, a technology that allowed stations to send a broad range of frequencies that greatly improved the quality of the music.

他发明了调频广播，一种允许电台发送宽广范围频率的技术，极大地提升了音乐的质量。

Now, you'd think that this would have made him a millionaire; it didn't.

那么，你可能会认为这会使他成为百万富翁，它(调频广播技术)没有。

Radio stations at that time had invested enormous amounts of money in the old technology.

那时的广播电台已经在旧的科技上投资了庞大的金额。

So the last thing they wanted was to invest millions more in the new technology.

所以他们最不想做的事就是去在新科技上多投资数百万。

Nor did they want to have to compete with other radio stations that had a superior sound and could put them out of business.

他们也不想同其他有优质声音的，能让他们破产的广播电台竞争。

So they pressured the Federal Communications Commission, the department of the United States government that regulates radio stations, to put restrictive regulations on FM radio.

所以他们施压给联邦通信委员会，美国政府管理广播电台的部门，在调频广播上施加限制性的规则。

The result was that its use was limited to a very small area around New England.

结果是它的使用被限制在New England周围很小的区域。

Of course as we all know, Edwin Armstrong's FM technology eventually prevailed and was adopted by thousands of stations around the world.

当然，正如我们所知，Edwin Armstrong的调频技术最终获胜了，并且被全世界成千上万的电台采用了。

But this took years of court battles and he never saw how it came to affect the lives of almost everyone.

但这打了多年的官司，而且他从来都没见到它(调频技术)如何来影响几乎每一个人的生活。

托福听力练习对照文本

I'm going to talk about a train that exemplifies the rise and fall of passenger trains in the United States: the Twentieth Century Limited.

我将要谈谈作为美国客运列车兴衰的例证的一列火车：二十世纪高级快车。

Let me go back just a bit.

让我来回顾一下下。

In 1893, a special train was established to take people from New York to an exposition in Chicago.

在1893年，一列专列被设立，载人从纽约去芝加哥的一个博览会。

It was so successful that regular service was then set up between these cities.

这事是如此的成功以至于定期的(客运)服务然后就在这些城市间建立了。

The inaugural trip of the Twentieth Century Limited was made in 1902.

二十世纪高级快车的首次旅行被安排在1902年。

The train was different from what anyone had ever seen before.

这个列车同之前任何人见到的都不一样。

It was pulled by a steam engine and had five cars: two sleepers, a dining car, an observation car, and a baggage car, which, believe it or not, contained a library.

它由蒸汽机(车)牵引，并且有五节车厢：两节卧铺(车)，一节餐车，一节瞭望车，和一节行李车，那个(火车)，不管你信不信，包含了一个图书馆。

The 42 passengers the train could carry were waited on by a large staff.

能运载42名乘客的火车，被大量的职员服侍。

There were even secretaries and a barber on board.

甚至还有秘书和一个理发师在火车上。

It wasn't long before people had to wait two years to get a reservation.

不久，人们就不得不要等两年来得到一个预约。

As time passed, technical improvements shortened the trip by a few hours.

随着时间的推移，技术进步把旅行缩短到了几个小时。

Perhaps the biggest technological change occurred in 1945, the switch from steam to diesel engines.

可能最大的技术的改变发生在1945年，从蒸汽机转换为柴油机。

By the 1960's, people were traveling by car and airplane.

到二十世纪六十年代，人们乘坐汽车和飞机旅行。

Unfortunately, the great old train didn't survive until the end of the century it was named for.

很遗憾，这非常了不起的老式火车没能幸存到它所得名的世纪的结束。