托福阅读3个训练方法提升应对理解能力

托福阅读3个训练方法提升应对理解能力

托福阅读文章句子看不懂?3个训练方法提升应对理解能力。今天小编给大家带来托福阅读3个训练方法提升应对理解能力,希望可以帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读文章句子看不懂?3个训练方法提升应对理解能力

托福阅读为什么会出现看不懂的情况?

要解决这一问题，首先我们先来看看阅读中到底是什么样的句子限制了我们对文章的理解，一起来看实例：

With the advent of projection,the viewer’s relationship with the image was no longer private,as it had been with earlier peepshow devices such as the Kinetoscope and the Mutoscope,which was a similar machine that reproduced motion by means of successive images on individual photograghic cards instead of on strips of celluloid.

When he grew older,William Smith taught himself surveying from books he brought with his small savings and at the age of ighteen he was apprenticed a surveyor of the local parish.

But the myths that have grown up around the rites may continue as part of the group’s oral tradition and may even come to be acted out under conditions divorced from these rites.

从上面句子可以看出来，这些句子都包含多重修饰成分，或者说句式比较复杂，这也是大家看不懂阅读句子文章的主要原因所在。而那对于修饰成分过多的句子，在此我们给出三种方案，也是希望大家能够达到的三大目标。

训练一遍读懂句子的能力

这就需要大家能够快速抓取句子主干，摒弃之前养成的回视的习惯。以第一个句子为例，我们应能得到这样的信息：

With……,the relationship was no longer private,it ……,which…..

这样我们就知道了整个句子其实就是在叙述伴随着投影机的出现，电影不再是属于个别人的消费品，而后面的两种机器的例子，只是在举例说明这个一个观点。

训练以意群(word group)为单位进行阅读的能力

所谓意群，就是在句中按照意思和结构划分出的各个成分，每一个成分都称为一个意群。我们把第二个句子划分意群如下：

(When he grew older,)(William Smith taught himself surveying)( from books)( he brought with his small savings)( and at the age of eighteen )(he was apprenticed)( a surveyor of the local parish.)

划分过后，句子的含义就比较明了了，主要分为两部分：当他年龄稍长时，他用自己微薄的积蓄买书开始自学测量学;18岁时，就已经成为了当地教区的一名测量员学徒。

训练对语言逻辑词的敏感

a.并列关系：并列，递进，条件，因果(分号，冒号，破折号)

并列：and，also，or，similarly，in the same way

递进：even，furthermore，moreover，in addition，then，what is more

因果：derive from，lead to，due to，because，cause，since，for，therefore，hence，so…that，as a result ,result from

b.让步，转折关系：even though，although，while，but，yet，however，nevertheless，despite，in spite of

c.对比关系，比较级。

时间对比：when，while，after，before，since，until

比较级：more than，less than，most，above all

弄明白了这些词，我们再来看第三个句子，主干结构实际上就是一个and连接的并列句：

The myths……may continue as……and may even come to ……

这时再填充细节进去就容易的多了。

托福阅读长难句实战向分析演练：The amount of air...

托福阅读长难句实例

The amount of air exchanged is even lower in REM than NREM because, although breathing is more rapid in REM, it is also more irregular, with brief episodes of shallow breathing or absence of breathing.

句子分析

本句的主句是The amount of air exchanged is even lower in REM than NREM，在主句之后是because引导的原因状语从句：because it is also more irregular。而在这个原因状语中，插入了although引导的让步状语从句，造成一定的阅读困扰，可以先跳过。本句最后with的介词短语则是作为伴随状语。

词汇总结

REM是rapid eye movement的缩写，指的是睡眠中眼球快速运动阶段，也叫浅度睡眠阶段;NREM是non-rapid eye movement的缩写，指的是睡眠中无快速眼球运动阶段，也叫深度睡眠阶段。

irregular作形容词，表示“不规则的;无规律的;不定期的”，比如：His heartbeat sounded irregular. 他的心跳听起来不均匀。Jason’s attendance at school has been somewhat irregular. 杰森一直有点不按时上学。

brief作形容词，表示“短暂的;简洁的”，比如：Could I have a brief word with you, Mr Thomas? 托马斯，我能和你说几句话吗?a brief note of thanks 简短的感谢信。brief作名词，还有“摘要”的意思，比如：He drew up a brief for his speech. 他起草了一份讲话的摘要。

episode作名词，表示“(一系列事件中的)一个事件;(单独的)一段时间;插曲”，比如：It is one of the saddest episodes in the history of the army. 这是军队历史上最令人伤心的事件之一。episode是托福阅读词汇题中所考查过的单词，与“occurrence”意思接近。

shallow作形容词，表示“浅的;肤浅的”，比如：serve the noodles in a shallow bowl 用浅碗盛面条。He seemed to have only a shallow understanding of his subject. 他对他所修的科目似乎只是一知半解。

句子翻译

在REM中，空气交换量要比在NREM时更低，因为尽管在REM中呼吸更加急促，但呼吸也更加没有规律，会伴随一些短暂的浅呼吸或者呼吸暂停。

托福阅读长难句实战向分析演练：Scientists have no direct...

托福阅读长难句实例

Scientists have no direct evidence for recent or ongoing eruptions, but if these volcanoes were active as recently as 100 million years ago (an estimate of the time of last eruption based on the extent of impact cratering on their slopes), some of them may still be at least intermittently active.

句子分析

本句是由but表示转折引起的两个句子所组成，这两个句子的谓语动词分别是have和may be。在but后的第二个句子中，有if引导的条件状语从句，其主句是some of them may still be at least intermittently active，句中的括号内容是对于前面100 million years ago的解释补充，可以先跳过不读。

词汇总结

eruption作名词，表示“(火山)爆发”。

impact作名词，表示“撞击;影响”，比如：The impact pushed the engine backwards and crushed my legs. 冲击力把发动机向后推，挤伤了我的双腿。Warnings about the dangers of smoking seem to have little impact on this age group. 吸烟有害的警告对于这个年龄段的人似乎没有多大作用。

crater作名词，表示“(尤指炸弹爆炸、天体坠落等在地上造成的)坑”，crater也可作为动词，其意思是“在地上形成坑”。

slope作名词，表示“斜坡，坡地”。

intermittent作形容词，表示“间歇的，断断续续的”，比如：The weather forecast is for sun, with intermittent showers. 天气预报为晴，有间歇阵雨。intermittent是托福阅读词汇题所考查过的单词，与“sporadic”意思相近。

句子翻译

科学家们并没有火山近期已经喷发或者正在喷发的直接证据，但是如果这些火山与最近的1亿年前火山一样活跃(1亿年前是人们根据斜坡上碰撞坑的程度所估计得出的最近一次火山喷发的时间)，那么这些火山中的部分可能至少会间歇性活跃。

托福阅读100个长难句精选汇总深度解析：In order for the structure...

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

In order for the structure to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet itspurpose, architecture employs methods of support that, because they are based on physical laws, have changed little since people first discovered them——evenwhile building materials have changed dramatically.

结构划分：

(In order for the structure) (to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose), architecture employs methods of support that, (because they are based on physical laws), have changed little since people first discovered them—— (even while building materials have changed dramatically. )

深度分析：

修饰一：(In order for the structure)，介词短语

修饰二：(to achieve the size and strength necessary to meet its purpose)，非谓语做形容词性修饰structure

修饰三：(because they are based on physical laws)，插入语，插入语记得先跳过去，断句别出问题，that和have changed是在一起的。

修饰四：(that have changed little sincepeople first discovered them.从句修饰support

修饰五：(even while building materials have changed dramatically. )，从句

括号外面的是主干：architectureemploys methods of support，注意support这里是名词。

参考翻译：

为了使结构达到必要的大小和强度去满足它的目的，建筑学上使用了一些支撑的方法，因为这些方法都是基于物理定律，所以尽管建筑材料已经发生了巨大变化，这些方法却自人们发现它们以来就没有什么变化。