8大雅思考试入门基础知识

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8大雅思考试入门基础知识 你真的都知道吗?

1.关于雅思考试

雅思考试是听说读写四项英语交流能力的测试。分为两种类型，学术类和培训类(A&G)。这两种类型的考试均由听力、阅读、写作和口语四部分组成。其中，学术类和培训类的听力和口语使用相同的试题，阅读和写作使用不同试题。

前三部分考试(听力、阅读和写作)必须在同一天内完成。口语考试可能会安排在笔试前一周至笔试后一周的任意一天，时间可以自己在官网上预约。

2.雅思考试A类中，到底应该选UKVI还是普通的A类

注册雅思考试之前，需要明确参加考试的目的以报名相应类别的考试。如果准备申请英国 Tier 4 学生签证以就读具有“高度可信担保方”身份的英国院校的本科及研究生课程，只需提交校方所要求的英语语言水平证明。所有英国院校均认可雅思成绩。

换言之，可以在全球1000个雅思考场(在中国有53个考场点)中的任意考场参加考试并使用所获得的雅思成绩作为申请英国院校的英语语言水平证明(如院校有其他要求除外)。

3.雅思考试中听说读写的考试内容大概是什么?

雅思听力：30分钟加10分钟誊写答案的时间。考生听四段录音，难度随考试的进行而递增。 这些录音包括一些独白及对话、考生将听到不同的英语口音和方言。录音只能听一遍，但会留给考生一些时间阅读问题并记录答案。

雅思阅读：学术类阅读：60分钟。考生将阅读三篇文章并回答文后问题。文章从书本、杂志、期刊及报纸上选取，不需读者具备专业知识。至少有一篇文章包含详细的论证。

培训类阅读：60分钟。考试的文章以英语国家日常生活素材为基础。考试的文章将从报纸、广告、说明书及书籍中摘取，考察考生对信息的理解及运用的能力。试题包括一篇较长的描述性、而非论证性的文章。

雅思写作：学术类写作：60分钟。第一部分，要求考生根据给出的表格或图表，写一篇大约150字的文章，考查考生描述及分析数据的能力。第二部分，要求考生针对某个问题或观点，写一篇大约250字的短文，考生要求能够使用恰当语气及语域(包括词汇、语法等)讨论问题，并展开论证。

培训类写作：60分钟。第一部分要求考生写一封大约150字的信，询问信息或解释一种情况。第二部分要求考生根据所给出问题或观点写一篇大约250字的短文，考生要求能够使用恰当的语气和语域(包括词汇、语法等)表达自己的观点，并反驳其他观点。

雅思口语：11到14分钟。考试采用一对一的面试形式，考察考生日常会话、对熟悉话题作一定长度的描述以及与考官之间的互动能力。

4.雅思一年大概有多少场考试?考试的次数是否有限制?

每个月都有2-4次考试，十个工作日左右出成绩。雅思考生的报考次数没有限制，但是两次考试日期必须间隔7天以上。

5.如果我有身体方面的障碍，需要特殊考试安排该怎样申请办理?

如果有身体方面的障碍，例如视觉或听觉障碍等，英国文化教育协会可以根据身体状况预定特制试卷或做出特殊考务安排。

请于考试日期至少三个月前联系教育部考试中心雅思考试全国服务热线(电话：+86 (0)10 82345671，电子邮箱：ielts@mail.neea.edu.cn，服务时间：周一到周五：08:30 - 17:00， 周六：07:30-13:00)，同时提交2年内由正规医院出具的相关医生证明和/或残疾证明。

6.哪些证件可以用来报考雅思考试?

中国大陆考生凭有效的二代身份证或护照报名，香港、澳门考生凭有效的身份证或护照报名，台湾考生凭有效的台湾居民来往大陆通行证(台胞证)报名。非中国籍考生凭有效的护照报名。

雅思报名不接受的身份证件包括但不限于：一代身份证、临时身份证、户口本、户籍证明、驾驶执照、学生证、工作证、往来港澳通行证、香港签证身份书、社保卡、军官证、任何过期证件等等。

请注意您必须在考试当日出示与报名时完全一致的身份证件，否则将被取消考试资格和考试成绩，并不得转考、退考或退费。

7.如果在考试前我的身份证更换了，我该怎么办?

报名截止日期之前，如果您更换了身份证件并造成与报名证件信息不一致，请立即联系教育部考试中心雅思考试全国报名服务热线(电话：+86 (0)10 82345671，电子邮箱：ielts@mail.neea.edu.cn，服务时间：周一到周五：08:30 - 17:00， 周六(笔试日)：07:30-13:00)申请修改身份证件类型/号码，并提供证明文件。

报名截止日期之后，如果您更换了身份证件并造成与报名证件信息不一致，请在笔试日期前联系教育部考试中心雅思考试全国报名服务热线申请退考，并提供证明文件。

请注意您必须在考试当日出示与报名时完全一致的身份证件，否则将被取消考试资格和考试成绩，并不得转考、退考或退费。

8.如果在考试前我的身份证丢失了，我该怎么办?

报名截止日期之前，如果您丢失了身份证件，我们建议您尽快在户口所在地派出所申请办理新的二代身份证件，或者考虑申请变更成其他可接受的证件参加考试并参照以上申请身份证件类型/号码变更的程序办理。

报名截止日期之后，如果您丢失了身份证件，请在笔试日期前联系教育部考试中心雅思考试全国报名服务热线(电话：+86 (0)10 82345671，电子邮箱：ielts@mail.neea.edu.cn，服务热线：服务时间：周一到周五：08:30 - 17:00， 周六(笔试日)：07:30-13:00)申请退考，并提供证明文件。

请注意您必须在考试当日出示与报名时完全一致的身份证件，否则将被取消考试资格和考试成绩，并不得转考、退考或退费。

雅思阅读全真练习系列：Selling Digital Music without Copy-protection Makes Sense

Selling Digital Music without Copy-protection Makes Sense

A.　　It was uncharacteristically low-key for the industry’s greatest showman. But the essay published this week by Steve Jobs, the boss of Apple, on his firm’s website under the unassuming title “Thoughts on Music” has nonetheless provoked a vigorous debate about the future of digital music, which Apple dominates with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store. At issue is “digital rights management” (DRM)—the technology guarding downloaded music against theft. Since there is no common standard for DRM, it also has the side-effect that songs purchased for one type of music-player may not work on another. Apple’s DRM system, called FairPlay, is the most widespread. So it came as a surprise when Mr. Jobs called for DRM for digital music to be abolished.

B.　　This is a change of tack for Apple. It has come under fire from European regulators who claim that its refusal to license FairPlay to other firms has “locked in” customers. Since music from the iTunes store cannot be played on non-iPod music-players (at least not without a lot of fiddling), any iTunes buyer will be deterred from switching to a device made by a rival firm, such as Sony or Microsoft. When French lawmakers drafted a bill last year compelling Apple to open up FairPlay to rivals, the company warned of “state-sponsored piracy”. Only DRM, it implied, could keep the pirates at bay.

C.　　This week Mr. Jobs gave another explanation for his former defence of DRM: the record companies made him do it. They would make their music available to the iTunes store only if Apple agreed to protect it using DRM. They can still withdraw their catalogues if the DRM system is compromised. Apple cannot license FairPlay to others, says Mr Jobs, because it would depend on them to produce security fixes promptly. All DRM does is restrict consumer choice and provide a barrier to entry, says Mr Jobs; without it there would be far more stores and players, and far more innovation. So, he suggests, why not do away with DRM and sell music unprotected? “This is clearly the best alternative for consumers,” he declares, “and Apple would embrace it in a heartbeat.”

D.　　Why the sudden change of heart? Mr Jobs seems chiefly concerned with getting Europe’s regulators off his back. Rather than complaining to Apple about its use of DRM, he suggests, “those unhappy with the current situation should redirect their energies towards persuading the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.” Two and a half of the four big record companies, he helpfully points out, are European-owned. Mr Jobs also hopes to paint himself as a consumer champion. Apple resents accusations that it has become the Microsoft of digital music.

E.　　Apple can afford to embrace open competition in music players and online stores. Consumers would gravitate to the best player and the best store, and at the moment that still means Apple’s. Mr Jobs is evidently unfazed by rivals to the iPod. Since only 3% of the music in a typical iTunes library is protected, most of it can already be used on other players today, he notes. (And even the protected tracks can be burned onto a CD and then re-ripped.) So Apple’s dominance evidently depends far more on branding and ease of use than DRM-related “lock in”.

F.　　The music giants are trying DRM-free downloads. Lots of smaller labels already sell music that way. Having seen which way the wind is blowing, Mr Jobs now wants to be seen not as DRM’s defender, but as a consumer champion who helped in its downfall. Wouldn’t it lead to a surge in piracy? No, because most music is still sold unprotected on CDs, people wishing to steal music already can do so. Indeed, scrapping DRM would probably increase online-music sales by reducing confusion and incompatibility. With the leading online store, Apple would benefit most. Mr Jobs’s argument, in short, is transparently self-serving. It also happens to be right.

Questions 1-7　　Do the following statemets reflect the claims of the writer in Reading Passage 1?

Write your answer in Boxes 1-7 on your answer sheet.

TRUE if the statement reflets the claims of the writer

FALSE if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossbile to say what the writer thinks about this

1. Apple enjoys a controlling position in digital music market with its iPod music-player and iTunes music-store.

2. DRM is a government decree issued with a purpose to protect downloaded music from theft by consumers.

3. Lack of standardization in DRM makes songs bought for one kind of music player may not function on another.

4. Apple has been criticized by European regulators since it has refused to grant a license FairPlay to other firms.

5. All music can be easily played on non-iPod music devices from Sony or Microsoft without too much fiddling.

6. Apple depends far more on DRM rather than branding for its dominance of the digital music devices.

7. If DRM was cancelled, Sony would certainly dominate the international digital music market.

Questions 8-10　　Choose the appropriate letters A-D and write them in boxes 8-10 on your answe sheet.

8. Which of the following statements about Mr. Jobs’ idea of DRM is NOT TRUE?

A. DRM places restrictions on consumer’ choice of digital music products available.

B. DRM comples iTunes buyers to switch to a device made by Sony or Microsoft.

C. DRM constitutes a barrier for potential consumers to enter digital music markets.

D. DRM hinders development of more stores and players and technical innovation.

9. The word “unfazed” in line 3 of paragraph E, means___________.

A. refused

B. welcomed

C. not bothered

D. not well received

10. Which of the following statements is TRUE if DRM was scapped?

A. Sony would gain the most profit.

B. More customers would be “locked in”.

C. A sudden increase in piracy would occur.

D. Online-music sales would probably decrease.

Questions 11-14　　Complete the notes below.

Choose NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS from Reading Passage 1 for each answer.

Write your answers in boxes 11-14 on your answer sheet.

Mr. Steve Jobs, the boss of Apple, explains the reason why he used to defend DRM, saying that the company was forced to do so: the record companies would make their music accessible to …11...only if they agreed to protect it using DRM; they can still…12…if the DRM system is compromised. He also provides the reason why Apple did not license FairPlay to others: the company relies on them to …13….But now he changes his mind with a possible expectation that Europe’s regulators would not trouble him any more in the future. He proposes that those who are unsatisfactory with the current situation in digital music market should …14… towards persuade the music companies to sell their music DRM-free.

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