托福写作如何巧妙使用连词并做到内在论证统一

托福写作练习的过程中，重复堆叠简单句或者不加连词直接过渡都会导致文章质量不高，巧妙使用连词能让文章读起来更加顺畅。下面小编就和大家分享托福写作练习,希望能帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

托福写作练习 如何巧妙使用连词并做到内在论证统一?

一.托福写作中如何巧妙使用连词

任何形式的英语文章中都应该具备一定量的连接词(路标词)，因为它们是有助于读者顺利阅读的“导航坐标”;大多数考生在备考时也的确会准备一系列此类连接词，用于文章每个段落的段首;包括有表示“第一，第二，第三”等的连接词。但是单纯有段首连接词还不足以支撑全文的结构，因此考生应该同时准备段中连接词，包括“比如说，因为，但是，相对比而言”等，粗略估计，全文完成下来可以达到15个以上的路标词，不仅承接了全文，结构清晰明了，而且也为时间紧张下的写作减轻了不少字数压力。以下为常用连接词：

第一：in the first place/ first and foremost/ to start with/ to begin with/ first of all/ first/ firstly

第二：in the second place/ secondly and equal importantly/ to continue/ second/ secondly

第三：in the third place/ last but not least/ third/ thirdly

一方面、另一方面：on one hand/ on the other hand; for one thing/ for another

表原因：because/ because of/ since/ due to/ as/ thanks to/ for/ owing to

表结果：so/ therefore/ as a result/ consequently/ as a consequence

表举例：for example/ for instance/ such as/ take…as an example/ to illustrate

表承接：besides/ furthermore/ moreover/ what’s more/ in addition/ additionally

表转折：but/ while/ however/ nevertheless/ nonetheless

表比较对比: to compare with/ compared with/ in comparison with/ by contrast/ on the contrary

当然，仅仅依靠连接词是不足以表明全文的连贯性的，适当的添加过渡句也是很好的承接手段，如Official Guide To The New TOEFL P263中有一篇关于DISHONESTY KILLS RELIABILITY 的5分范文中就有出现多处明显的段落过渡句，如第三段首“After stating that everyone’s opinion can be different about this, for me honesty, in other words, always telling…”用来承接上下两段，以引出自己的观点看法;第五段首“Although I would like to see altruistic, understanding, thoughtful and loyal behavior from people, an instance of the opposite…”等都明显具备良好的过渡功能，让全文更加流畅舒服，朗朗上口。

二.托福写作练习如何做到文章内所有论证统一

Official Guide To The New TOEFL这一官方指南中也明确在写作部分提到“但要知道，仅仅使用第一，第二这样的连接词并不能保证作文结构的严谨，还要注意让所有的观点与文章的主题相关，紧扣中心思想。换句话说，作文要有统一性，评分原则中提到的统一性，渐进性和连贯性这些都是评估作文结构是否严谨，读者能否比较容易地跟上作者思路的标准。”通过上段叙述，我们不难发现作文论证统一性的重要性。

而事实上这也正是被许多考生所忽略的问题。在拿到试题后，考生们不是先腾出时间构思结构框架，而是急着抓住哪怕是一分钟的时间动笔写作，其实如此的选择是要不得的，朗阁海外考试研究中心强烈建议各位考生在考试时不要舍不得这准备的时间，正所谓“磨刀不误砍柴功”;因为只有当你事先构思好而不是边想边写，你才能真正做到论证内容的一致性，观点与论据的统一性，也才能真正取得高分。另外，用最直白的作答应对题目的提问，用单边的手段安排整篇文章成5段的总分总思路是十分适用的。

上文中为大家具体解析了如何使用连词以及如何做到文章论证统一。除此之外，还为大家总结了一些常用的连接短语，大家可以积累下来在托福写作练习中运用起来。使用连接词或者连接短语可以让文章行文连贯，增强可读性，而内在论证统一则是托福写作的基本要求，大家一定要遵循。

托福写作模板：学校如何改善学生宿舍

题目

The university will spend money on the dormitory to improve the life quality of students. Which of the following do you think is the best way?

1) Providing a room for quiet study

2) Building an exercise room

3) Providing entertainment place (watch film)

范文1：For Choice 2

If a university wants to improve the quality of life for the students, it should install an exercise room in each dormitory. Exercise balances out a quiet lifestyle based on studying(运动万能句). An exercise room could contain equipment that is impossible to keep in a dorm room, give students as safe place to work out, and provide an opportunity to meet people with the same interests.

分论点1：运动对学生很重要Exercise is essential for students, but often they neglect working out and focus only on studies. An exercise room in the dormitory would be easily accessible, so would encourage students to take a short break to keep their bodies fit. An exercise room could contain equipment such as weight benches and stationary bicycles(器械名称积累) that are too big to keep in the individual dorm room or too expensive to buy or transport from home. An exercise room, therefore, would be a great investment for the university because it would provide the students with training facilities that they would not otherwise have access to without leaving the campus.

分论点2：保障学生安全A dormitory exercise room is also a wise idea because students would have a safe place to work out. The university could ensure that the equipment is clean and operating properly. On top of that, students would not have to leave the building to work out. Staying inside benefits the students in two ways. 原因1：避免路途中发生危险First, they do not have to worry about walking alone, possibly late at night when classes are over. That way they do not have to risk trouble with strangers or people following them. 原因2：避免温度变化引起生病Second, they are not exposed to a severe change in temperature. For example, working out in a warm place and stepping outside in the winter, a person can become sick. Such problems are prevented by staying in the same building.

分论点3：有助于社交Another reason to have an exercise room is to encourage students tointeract with each other(社交万能句). Students may find it fun to exercise together, urging each other on. Students who enjoy exercising can meet each other and become friends. If the students only exercise on their own, they may not realize that someone else has the same interests. Even if they live in the same dorm, they might not have the same classes, and therefore, not have any reason to speak to each other. A common bond of working out together could be formed if the university installed exercise rooms.

An exercise room allows students to work out on equipment they can’t bring from home in asafe environment with other students who enjoy the same activities. Therefore, adding an exercise room is a great investment for a university.

balance out

平衡,抵消

work out

锻炼

on top of that

除此以外

to risk trouble with X.X.X

冒着与 X.X.X 产生麻烦的风险

a severe change in temperature

天气的剧烈变化

urge each other on

相互督促

范文2：For Choice 3

To improve the quality of life of its students, our university should create an entertainment room in each dormitory building. An entertainment room would give students a chance to watch movies or attend activities that they otherwise could not, would allow students to make friends with the same interests, and would ensure a safe environment to relax.

分论点1：帮助学生省钱The stereotype of the “starving college student” may seem trite, but many students are on a tight budget and do not have excess cash for fun, extravagant activities(省钱万能句). Such students would greatly benefit from an entertainment room because they could, for example, watch movies without paying premium prices to go to a theater. They could enjoy a game of Ping-Pong without needing a car to drive to a community center with a Ping-Pong table. In other words, if each dormitory had its own activity room, students could enjoy a wide range of activities that they otherwise could not afford to do.

分论点2：有助于社交Furthermore, an entertainment room would encourage students to leave their dorm rooms and interact with a larger range of students. Instead of closeting themselves in a single room with an internet connection to the outside world, they can laugh and talk with others about the activities(社交万能句). Students with different majors or from different grade levels may not have classes in common, but in the activity room, they can find others with the same interests and eventually become friends(社交万能句). Therefore, an entertainment room would provide opportunities to increase social networks(社交万能句).

分论点3：保障学生安全Finally, college students often try risky or outright dangerous stuntsbecause they are living away from home for the first time. For example, they may drink a lot of alcohol and drive a car. In contrast, a dormitory entertainment room could provide safe activities. The room can be monitored so that there are no abuses of drugs or inappropriate behavior, allowing students to relax and enjoy themselves. In addition, if students get together regularly, they can easily observe negative changes in behavior such as a decline into depression(社交的好处、保护学生安全的万能句). Therefore, an entertainment room would give the students a chance to avoid dangerous activities and notice problems before they become serious.

In conclusion, our university should consider adding entertainment rooms in each dormitory. Such rooms can allow students to participate in fun activities and meet others in a safe and supportive environment.

the stereotype of X.X.X

X.X.X 的刻板印象

a tight budget

预算紧张

have excess cash for fun, extravagant activities有多余的钱用于有趣的、奢侈的活动

closet themselves in a single room把他们自己关在房间里

outright dangerous stunts完全危险的特技

a decline into depression衰退为抑郁症

in a safe and supportive environment在一个安全的、支持性的环境中

托福写作论点论据语料库:激励

关于激励Motivation

词组：light up, push oneself, be destructive to s/th, tap the potential, miss out;

没有自我激励的人生就像一个只死鱼一样，那种人生不值得活;人应该不停的点燃内心的火苗把自己推向成功。没有自我激励的话，就是郁郁寡欢、无所事事;更糟糕的是没有办法开发自己的潜力，并措施成功的机会。

Without motivation we're like a dead fish in the water, that kind of life is not worth living. we should constantly light up our internal fire and push ourselves harder to achieve our goals. While the lack of motivation is destructive to oneself, and one will feel depressed, and have a pretty low esteem. To make matter worse, one is not be able to tap the full potential within oneself, thus he or she would miss out the chance to be successful.

关于珍惜“今天”

你不能改变过去,但你可以改变未来。我们应该明白,事情不总是他们期望的方式。当他们犯错误时,他们关注的解决方案,而不是遗憾。俗话说,昨天是历史,明天是神秘的,但是今天是一个礼物,这就是为什么我们称之为礼物。

You can't change the past but you can change the future. We should understand that things don t always work out the way we expect. When we make mistakes, we ought to focus on solutions, not on regrets. As the saying goes, yesterday is history, tomorrow is mystery, but today is a gift, that's why we call it present.

关于艺术家的“成功”

并不是天分造就伟大的艺术家,是努力,坚持,毅力,决心和毅力。并不是每一个伟大的艺术家可以在五岁的时候能做出很好的画作。

It isn't talent that makes great artists, it's hard work, persistence, will power, determination, and fortitude. Not every great artist can draw nice pictures by the age of five.

成功的艺术家不是以天分支撑的,那只是不付出努力的借口。还有其他更重要的因素如能否够寻找社会关系;与同行和导师而不是天赋更重要。

Successful artists aren't underpinned by talent, it is an excuse not to put in the effort that is needed to be a successful artist. There are other more important factors like, to be able to seek out social connections, and build on them. Connecting with peers and mentors is more important than being talented.

必须上大学才能成功吗

Advanced education provides you with the tools you need to be successful in your future career. Not only can you acquire specific knowledge in a particular filed, like economics, physics, and biology, and stuff, you can also get practical experience in relevant areas, like psychological counseling, physical therapy, and even nursing.

高等教育为您提你未来职业生涯成功需要的工具。不仅可以获得特定的知识在一个特定的领域,如经济学、物理学、生物学等等,你也可以在相关领域获得实际经验,如心理咨询,物理治疗,甚至护理。

生意人要不要随和?

能够建立社会和职业关系网,并扩大他们的能力是企业家成功的关键因素,为了实现这个目标,我们需要随和,这样使破冰更容易。

The ability to build up social and professional connections and expand them is the key factor to be a successful business person, and in order to achieve that, one needs to be easygoing, cuz that makes ice breaking much more easier.