如何提升托福写作中的逻辑关联性

托福写作尤其是独立写作要求大家具备很强的逻辑能力，因为写作中的前因后果需要符合逻辑，不能将不符合逻辑关系的因果强行联系在一起。下面小编就和大家分享 如何提升写作中的逻辑关联性，希望能够帮助到大家，来欣赏一下吧。

托福写作重逻辑 如何提升写作中的逻辑关联性

一.官方对托福写作逻辑性的要求

首先我们来看一下OG是如何要求well-developed的：

ave I done my best to support and develop my ideas?(有没有支持立场的分论点?)

o I include enough details in each paragraph so that the main idea and topic sentence are explained fully?(每段是否有很充分的细节支持分论点?)

o I use words and phrases that help the reader think about relationships between different ideas in the essay?(句与句之间是否有用逻辑连接词/短语?)

二.逻辑推理要合理

每个段落要做到很好的展开，就要注意句与句之间的逻辑性。官方指南OGP中介绍了很多种展开的方法，包括讲故事、举例子、说道理等等，同时补充了大量的逻辑连接词。同学们习惯于把逻辑连接词/短语事先准备好，平时练习或者考试时都先打出来再往里面僵硬地填充内容，以为可以骗过e-rater和考官。但在这些逻辑词下，我们往往会看到同学写出这样的内容：因为独生子女，所以自私;因为科技和经济发展，所以压力大。

其实第二句和第一句之间并没有直接的因果关系，第二句并不是对第一句的进一步论述，所以即便有暗示逻辑关系的连接词/短语，内容上并非如此。也就是不符合评分标准中的渐进性(progression)。

在“因为独生子女，所以自私”的例子中，我们可以这样推理：独生子女(only-child)→得到更多家人的关注(limelight)→缺少付出的意识(less give, more take)→自私(egoism);此外，独生子女→缺少和兄弟姐妹的相处(interact with siblings)→缺少分享的意识(share)→自私。

这样的两条简单逻辑链就可以推出“自私”的结果。

三.托福写作逻辑能力需要多练习

对于提升托福写作中展开逻辑链，小编建议大家结合托福写作机经中的主题句，在草稿纸上用中文关键词罗列因果链，训练演绎推理的方法，反复追问因果关系(causality)是否成立。通过这种方式来训练自己的逻辑思维能力，进而逐步学会展开的写作思路和方法。

提升托福写作离不开逻辑能力的提升，大家在平时写作练习中要注意逻辑的关联性，如果逻辑能力尚有欠缺，建议在写作之前先打草稿做推理，然后再开始写作。

托福写作：病句的改造

1). 破碎句

所谓破碎句，就是句子不完整，通常是没有谓语(或者说谓语是动词的非谓语形式，如分词)，或者是从句单独成句。

破碎句：She singing alone. (无谓语，singing是现在分词)

正确句：She is singing alone.

破碎句：He did not come. Because he was sick. (从句单独成句)

正确句：He did not come because he was sick.

2).接连句

所谓接连据，就是两个句子直接连在一起，既未使用连词，也未使用正确的标点符号。

接连句: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers they have greater freedom in planning their time.

正确句一: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers. However, they have greater freedom in planning their time.

正确句二: Professionals such as lawyers or accountants usually work longer hours than factory workers; however, they have greater freedom in planning their time.

3).句子连接不正确

所谓句子连接不正确，就是两个独立的句子之间以逗号连接，这是不合英语语法的。正确的做法是以连词、分号、冒号、句号等连接两个句子。

不正确句: Breaking chalk into two pieces is a physical change, there is no change in the composition of the chalk.

正确句： Breaking chalk into two pieces is a physical change, so there is no change in the composition of the chalk.

托福写作：父母与学校教育类

Should parents limit the time that children watch television?

Should parents encourage children to finish the homework independently or help them finish?

Should parents allow children to make mistakes and draw lessons from what they have done?

Should University provide students with the courses of career preparation?

Should the professor focus on research and study or educating students?

Should university spend more money on facilities’ improvement or hiring famous teachers?

Can people become well-educated more easily than before?

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: the best way to let a student gain more interests in a certain subject is to tell them it helps their life in the future.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement: All high-school students should take basic economic courses.

The best way for parents to teach their children about responsibility is to have them care for animals.

Do you agree or disagree with the following statement ：

Parents today are more involved in their children's education than parents were in the past.

Should students pay attention to famous teachers or satisfied jobs after graduation when they apply universities?

Do you do you agree or disagree with the following statement with the following statement? One of the ways that parents can help children be ready for adult life to ask them to do a part-time job. Use specific reasons and examples to support your answer.

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