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刘畅词汇笔记(15)Part4

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词根ceive,cept=come
receive动词“(客观上)收到”,而accept动词“(主观上)接受”,例:He received a gift but he didn’t accept it. 他收到一份礼物,但是内心并没有接受。
其名词为reception“招待会,招待,接待”,如warm reception热情的接待,a wedding reception婚宴
receptionist“接待员”
acceptable“可接受的”,例:His behaviour is not socially acceptable.他的行为在社会上不可接受。
conceive=con(together)+ ceive(take)
1“构想出”(后直接跟宾语),例:Scientist conceived the idea of atomic bomb in 1930s.科学家在二十世纪三十年代就构想出原子弹的想法。
2“想象出”(后加of),例:Half a century ago it's difficult to conceive of traveling to the moon.半个世纪以前很难想象到月亮上去旅行。
其名词为concept“概念”,如New Concept English新概念英语
deceive=de(强调)+ ceive(take)强制别人让他接受,动词“欺骗”,例:They deceived her into signing the paper.他们欺骗她在合同上签了字。
其名词为deception“欺骗”,搭配practice deception on sb.对某人实施欺骗
前缀de-表强调,如detail=de(强调)+ tail(cut,如tailor“裁缝”)“细节”
perceive=per(through)+ ceive(take)
1“察觉”,例:He perceived a subtle change in her manner.我察觉到他的态度有一个微妙的改变。
2“领悟,理解”,例:Finally, she perceived the essence of love.最终她明白了爱的实质。
其名词为perception“洞察力”,如a man with great perception一个非常有洞察力的人
except介词“除了……”
其名词为exception“例外”,短语in the exception of除了=except
其形容词为exceptional“例外的”,如exceptional case例外情况,exceptional price特价
词根cipate=take
anticipate=anti(反)+ cipate(take)反对拿走,动词“期待”,(对应的口语表达为look forward to doing),例:We anticipated heating from you again.我们期待再次听到你的音讯。We anticipated that we will meet some difficulties.我们已经预料到会遇到一些困难。
前缀anti-表示反,如anticancer“[医]抗癌的”,antihuman“反人类的”,antiwar“反对战争的”
participate=part + i + cipate(take)把东西拿出来作为一部分,动词“参与”,例:Everyone in the class is expected to participate in the discussion.希望班上的每个同学都参加这个讨论。
emancipate=e(out)+ man + cipate(take)把人类释放出来,动词“解放”,例:This machine emancipated us from hard work.这个机器把我们从繁重的工作中解放出来。
liberate动词“解放”(set free),例:The government has liberated all the political prisoners.政府解放了所有的政治犯。
其形容词为liberal“开放的,开明的”,如a liberal foreign policy开放的外交政策,a liberal-minded person一个开明的人
词根fer=take
confer=con(together)+fer(take)动词“商讨,商谈”,例:The president conferred with his consultants before announcing the decision.总统在宣布决定之前会与顾问商讨。其名词为conference“会议”
differ
1(from)“与……不同”,例:I differ from you in character.我与你在性格方面非常不同。
2(with)“与……意见不同”,例:I differ with you on the subject.对于这件事我与你的意见不同。
difference“不同”,different“不同的”
refer动词“参考,查阅”,如refer to a dictionary 查字典
其名词为reference“参考”,如reference books参考书
referee“裁判”(相关:employ动词“雇佣”,employee名词“雇员”)
prefer=pre(之前)+ fer(take)动词“宁愿,更喜欢”,例:I prefer dogs to cats.相对猫而言,我更喜欢狗。
preference“喜好”,例:I don’t know your preference, so please help yourself.我不知道你喜欢什么,请你自便。
preferable“更可取的”,其本身就是有比较意义的形容词,因此没有比较级,例:A dark suit is preferable to a light one for evening wear.对于晚装,深色西服比浅色西服更可取。
suffer=suf(超过)+ fer(take)超过应该拿到的东西
1动词“遭受(磨难)”,例:He suffered one defeat from another.他遭受了一个又一个挫败。
2动词“受苦(病痛)”后需加from,例:She was suffering from a headache.她一直受头痛困扰。
suf表示超过,如sufficient=suf(超过)+ fic(do)+ i + ent“充足的,大量的”
transfer=trans(across)+ fer(take)动词“调动”,如transfer to another team调到另一个队伍
infer=in + fer(take)从里面拿出来的观点,动词“推断”,例:I inferred from his words that he wanted us to leave.从他的话当中我们推断出他是想让我们离开。
imply动词“暗示”,例:He said it was late, implying that we ought to go home.他说天色晚了,暗示我们应该回家了。
offer=of(to)+ fer(take)动词“提供”,例:The police are offering a big award for any information about the murder.谁能提供关于这个谋杀犯的任何信息,警察就会给一笔大的奖金。
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