托福听力如何锻炼提升做笔记能力

托福听力如何锻炼提升做笔记能力?常用方法和注意事项汇总讲解,今天小编给大家带来托福听力如何锻炼提升做笔记能力，希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福听力如何锻炼提升做笔记能力?常用方法和注意事项汇总讲解

托福听力做笔记技巧训练方法讲解

1. 训练托福听力做笔记技巧的第一步是听写，也叫听抄。具体来说，也就是在听素材的时候将大意记下。强调一下，一开始只要记大意即可。大家可以先从一句一句慢慢来，等后面熟练了再开始逐渐增多听写内容。做完后对照文本看看有什么缺漏，或者按照大意将内容复述一下还可以顺便练习托福口语。听写的材料有很多，比如Scientific American 60 Second Science，各种托福听力的辅导教材和听力练习资料等等都是不错的选择。

2. 在做练习的时候，考生对于自己所做的笔记不是记完或做完题目就算的，要有一个效果反馈的过程。在对完答案后，大家要针对自己不确定的答案和没有记录的得分点信息参照原文找出相关内容。通过对照自己的笔记，考生可以找出自己没有听出来的信息点并分析具体原因：是没有注意到提示词?还是由于着急写了前面没用的东西而漏记了有用的?这一点在做带有原文的听力素材的时候最方便了，因为可以参照原文找出所有得分信息。这样练习多了，考生听信息点的敏感度自然就会提升很多。

3. 针对听写时单词拼写速度过慢的问题。小编建议浪费宝贵的时间在纸上的同学去做另一项听抄练习。现在市面上的托福单词书大都附有CD，大家可以试着在背单词的同时听着单词的音频，然后跟着它读的速度把单词写下来，保证尽量拼写正确。这样记单词和练习写英文的速度一举两得。当然，有很多同学在平时背单词的时候就习惯不断在纸上边写边背，这一定程度上也可以加快写字的速度。

托福听力笔记技巧练习注意问题

1. 不是听写下许多许多内容就可以捉到得分点。有很多人都经历过记了一大堆东西后，发现还是做不对题目，因为得分点的信息往往在记其他无用的东西时被忽略了。这就是把握信息点的问题。关键的问题还是提高记笔记的效能，而不是效率。提高的方法前面已经说过了。一位考生成功练好托福听力做笔记技巧的标志就是到最后记的越来越少，但是正确率越来越高。

2. 不要一听到听力素材中开始讲话就赶紧去记录。ETS没有那么笨，每题都是先提示important，for example，然后在说答案。有时是先说一大堆没什么用的开场白废话，然后再转正题，有些时候是先说了内容，再来个This is...，提示得分点。所以听的时候要注意内容和主题的密切度，当内容不确定有没有用的时候先记录下部分关键词，并且大脑要有个大致的印象它讲了什么，实在不够时间等后来再补上。

3. 做笔记重点在于自己能看懂而不是卷面是否工整。大家做笔记的时候只要能确保自己看得懂找得到细节就足够了，完全可以按自己的思路来做记号和写单词，不完整不正确一点关系都没有。托福听力考试的时间非常宝贵，在不影响自己阅读理解的前提下还请尽量提升记笔记的效率，把更多时间留着去听之后的的内容才是真正高效的做法。

4. 谨慎地查看和使用记录的笔记，特别是只写下只言片语的地方。记住，就算你记对了，也不代表你能选对答案。听力大忌之一是看到选项有与原文相同的字眼就选那个。有人说托福听力迷惑性大，小编认为这是因为选项往往是原文的同义改写，即paraphasing，要真正理解了才能选对。所以在查看笔记的时候也需要结合理解来解题。

2020托福听力练习：引入美洲狮减少交通事故

Are you afraid of sharks? What about snakes or spiders? Put those fears aside: because in the U.S. you're far more likely to be killed or injured by a deer bounding across the road.

Bambi and his kind cause more 200 humans deaths each year, plus some 29,000 injuries, all because of 1.2 million collisions between vehicles and deer. Most incidents occur in the eastern U.S., where deer thrive without natural predators like wolves and mountain lions.

"That's the region in the U.S. where deer-vehicle collisions are such a problem, and where it seems like an effective large carnivore restoration could make a really big difference."

University of Washington wildlife biologist Laura Prugh. She thinks it would help to reintroduce predators like mountain lions, also known as cougars, pumas or panthers, to parts of their historic range from which they've been driven out.

Crunching the numbers, the researchers say that bringing the big cats back to the eastern U.S. would mean 22 percent fewer collisions between cars and deer over three decades. Each year would see five fewer human deaths, 680 fewer injuries and a savings of some $50 million.

"Cougars have shown that they can coexist in close proximity with people, with very few conflicts, in a lot of areas out west."

Still, some folks might be understandably nervous about this kind of plan. After all, reintroducing predators doesn't come without risks to pets and to livestock, and very occasionally to people.

"Our fear of large carnivores is so primal and ingrained that I don't think it's possible to just completely override it with statistics…what I hope is that knowing that there actually can be some measurable benefits might make people a little more favorably inclined and maybe balance that fear a little bit."

Indeed, the statistics show that cougars would prevent five times as many human deaths from deer-related accidents as they would cause by attacks. But it'll be a tough sell: the press will cover cougar attacks, but a statistically prevented death does not make the news. Nevertheless, "If people in Hollywood can put up with having mountain lions around, I would hope that New Yorkers would be up for the challenge as well."

你害怕鲨鱼吗?你害怕蛇或蜘蛛吗?先把这些恐惧放到一边：因为在美国，你更可能因为马路上乱跑的鹿而受伤或者丧命。

鹿每年都会导致200多人丧命，约2.9万人受伤，这是因为机动车辆和小鹿发生了120万次碰撞。大多数事故发生在美国东部地区，由于鹿在这里没有狼、美洲狮等天敌，所以导致鹿群数量猛增。

“在美国的这一地区，小鹿和机动车发生碰撞是个严重的问题，似乎大型食肉动物族群的恢复可以产生巨大的影响。”

劳拉·普鲁夫是华盛顿大学的野生动物学家。她认为将之前被驱逐的美洲狮引入会有帮助。

来研究一下数字，研究人员表示，将这种大型猫科动物引入美国东部地区，这意味着在未来30余年，鹿和车辆发生的碰撞事件将会减少22%。每年的死亡人数将减少5人，受伤人数将减少680人，同时将节省5千万美元。

“研究表明，在西部很多地区，美洲狮可以与人类近距离共存，产生冲突的次数极少。”

但是，可能仍有人对这一计划感到担心，这也是可以理解的。毕竟，重新引入捕食者会给宠物、牲畜带来威胁，而且偶尔也可能会给人类带来不利。

“我们对大型食肉动物的恐惧是非常原始、根深蒂固的，因此我认为，不能仅仅依靠数据就完全将这种恐惧置之不理，我希望可以有明显的益处让人们赞同或平衡对此计划的抵触情绪。”

实际上，数据表明，与美洲狮袭击人类造成的死亡人数相比，引入美洲狮可以使因鹿导致的车祸死亡人数减少5倍。但这将是一项艰巨的任务：媒体仍会报道美洲狮袭击事件，但是却不会报道引入美洲狮可以避免人员伤亡的新闻。尽管如此，“如果好莱坞的人们可以忍受美洲狮的存在，那么我希望纽约的人们也可以勇敢面对这个挑战。”

重点讲解：

1. put aside 把…放在一边;忘记;不考虑;

例句：He put aside his work to spend more time with his son.

他把工作暂时搁下以便有更多时间陪儿子。

2. be likely to do sth. 可能(做…)的;有(…)倾向的;

例句：If you throw yourself at the girl, she's likely to run away.

如果你拼命讨好这位姑娘，她可能被吓跑。

3. after all 毕竟;终究;

例句：After all, he has had a good long innings.

他毕竟有一段很长的得意时期。

4. put up with 忍受;容忍;

例句：I can't put up with your hypocricy any more.

我再也不能容忍你的虚伪态度了。

2020托福听力练习：近亲繁殖的鸣禽易走调

Just like humans have to learn to talk, songbirds aren't just born singing—they have to learn to carry a tune. "So in the beginning they just babble." Raissa de Boer, a behavioral ecologist at the University of Antwerp in Belgium. "And they learn from a tutor, so they need an example song in order to learn it."

She says the example song might come from the chick's father. And over time, the baby bird tweaks that tweet, to make it its own. "And then it takes almost a year until they're fully adult, until the next spring, for the final song to come out."

De Boer and her colleagues investigated that song-learning process in canaries, using two groups of baby birds: the first consisted of inbred birds, whose parents were siblings; the second had parents that were unrelated. And the researchers found that the songs of inbred birds and those of the other, outbred birds sound... pretty similar to the human ear. "I cannot tell the difference."

But computer analysis revealed that the inbred birds sang notes at slightly different pitches—and with tones that were not quite as pure. "So basically they sang out of tune, in comparison to outbred birds." The results appear in the Proceedings of the Royal Society B.

And even though our untrained ears have a hard time telling the tones apart, female canaries seemed to notice. They tended to lay smaller eggs, and fewer of them, when they mated with inbred birds as opposed to the better songsters. Suggesting that the quality of a songbird's genes may be revealed in its tunes.

就像人类要学习说话一样，鸣禽也不是天生就会唱歌，它们也要学习唱歌不走调。“一开始它们只是呀呀学语。”蕾伊莎·德·波尔是比利时安特卫普大学行耿生态学家。她说，“它们跟随导师学习，所以它们在学习时需要一首典型歌曲。”

她表示，典型歌曲可能来自于雏鸟的父亲。随着时间的推移，雏鸟不断调整这种叫声，然后演变成它自己的叫声。“大概需要一年的时间，到雏鸟成年、到下一个春天来临的时候，最终的歌曲才会成形。”

德·波尔和她的同事用两组雏鸟对金丝雀学习歌曲的过程进行了研究：第一组是近亲繁殖生出的雏鸟，它们的父母是兄弟姐妹;第二组雏鸟的父母则没有任何关系。研究人员发现，人耳听起来，近亲繁殖鸟儿和非近亲繁殖鸟儿的歌声非常类似。“我不能分辨两者的区别。”

但是电脑分析显示，近亲生鸟儿唱出的歌曲音高不同，而且音调也不太纯。“所以基本上来说，与非近亲生鸟儿相比，近亲生鸟儿其实是跑调的。”这一研究结果发表在《皇家学会学报B》上。

虽然我们人类未经训练的耳朵很难区分这两种音调，但是看起来雌性金丝雀却能注意到两者的区别。当雌性金丝雀同近亲交配，而不是与更好的鸣禽交配时，它们产下的蛋个头较小，而且数量也会减少。这表明鸣禽的基因质量可能会显示在它们的歌声中。

重点讲解：

1. in order to 为了;以便;目的在于;

例句：They did this in order to head off the crisis.

他们这样做以防止发生危机。

2. consist of 由…组成;由…构成;

例句：A molecule of water consists of two atoms of hydrogen and one atom of oxygen.

水分子含有两个氢原子和一个氧原子。

3. in comparison to 与…相比;与…比较而言;

例句：In comparison to city life, life in the country is quiet and peaceful.

同城市生活相比，乡村生活既和平又宁静。

4. tell apart 区分;区别;辨别;

例句：Perhaps it is the almost universal use of flavourings that makes it so hard to tell the products apart.

或许是因为调料的使用几乎千篇一律才使得那些产品难以区分开。

5. as opposed to 而不是;

例句：Permission to be employed in this manner is issued to an individual, as opposed to an employer.

这种形式的工作许可是签发给申请人个人的，而不是给雇主的。