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托福阅读哪种题型最难

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如果说其他题型是通过词汇积累或者对于文章里的信息的透彻理解就可以掌握的话,那么更侧重于考察出题人的逻辑思维模式的题型就是推理题了。下面小编就和大家分享托福阅读哪种题型最难,希望能够帮助到你们,快来一起学习吧。

托福阅读哪种题型最难

对于托福阅读来说,词汇是根本。在阅读中词汇题(vocabulary questions)的数量很多,每篇存在三至五题不等。

接下来就是阅读中的句子。句子细节在托福中的考察形式和内容相比词汇更为深入。有对于单个句子结构和主干意思理解做出的考察,即句子简化题(sentence simplification questions)。有对于文中明确表述的细节信息的考察和理解,即事实信息题(factual information questions)。还有对于文中明确表述信息真伪的识别和理解,也就是否定事实信息题(negative factual information questions)。除此之外,阅读还会考察对于文中强烈暗示而未明确表述的信息的识别和理解能力,即推理题(inference questions)。

在阅读中,对于段落的考察往往侧重于句子之间的关系。句与句之间的连接往往会有名词的重复以及代词的指代,所以有了指代题(reference questions)。内容的衔接除了代词指代之外,还有逻辑关系的递进,所以又有了修辞目的题(rhetorical purpose questions)。如果说指代题和修辞目的题是对于句间关系的识别的话,那么句子插入题(insert sentence questions)则是两者的升级版,是对于句间关系的逻辑的应用。

当然,托福阅读也涉及篇章中段落的主旨以及段间的关系的考查。若是顺承的关系往往出的是总结题(prose summary questions),若是对比分类的关系往往出的是表格题(fill in a table questions)。

通过以上分类相信大家对于托福阅读十大题型考察的能力有了了解。那么十大题型里,哪种题型相对比较难呢?如果说其他题型是通过词汇积累或者对于文章里的信息的透彻理解就可以掌握的话,那么更侧重于考察出题人的逻辑思维模式的题型就是推理题了。

托福官方指南里对于推理题的表述:对于文中强烈暗示而未明确表述信息的识别和理解。大家重点关注强烈暗示这几个词,言下之意就是通过一些相关信息的表述来传递内在的意思,所以体会出题人传达相关信息的模式就变成了解题的关键。

托福阅读长难句:植物抗旱适应性

They possess drought-resisting adaptations: loss of water through the leaves is reduced by means of dense hairs covering waxy leaf surfaces, by the closure of pores during the hottest times to reduce water loss, and by the rolling up or shedding of leaves at the beginning of the dry season. (TPO26, 50)

waxy /'wæksɪ/ adj. 蜡色的,蜡状的

pore /pɔː/ n. 气孔,毛孔

shed /ʃed/ vt. 使(某物)脱落﹑ 剥落;使(某物)流出

They possess drought-resisting adaptations: loss of water (through the leaves) is reduced (by means of dense hairs)(covering waxy leaf surfaces), (by the closure of pores)(duringthe hottest times) (to reduce water loss), and (by the rolling up or shedding of leaves) (at the beginning of the dry season). (TPO26, 50)

分析:

这个句子的主干部分就是:

They possess drought-resisting adaptations: loss of wateris reduced

注意后面并列了3个介词结构:by means of…, by the closure of .., and bythe rolling up…

修饰一:(through the leaves),介词,修饰loss of water

中文:经过叶子

修饰二:(by means of dense hairs),介词

中文:通过的浓密的绒毛

修饰三:(covering waxy leaf surfaces),非谓语动词,修饰haris

中文:覆盖在蜡质叶子表面

修饰四:(by the closure of pores),介词短语

中文:关闭气孔

修饰五:(during the hottest times),介词短语

中文:在最热的时间

修饰六:(to reduce water loss),非谓语动词

中文:减低水分散失

修饰七:(by the rolling up or shedding of leaves),介词短语

中文:通过卷起或脱落叶子

修饰八:(at the beginning of the dry season),介词短语

中文:在干旱季初期

参考翻译:

他们拥有抵抗干旱的适应性:覆盖在蜡质叶子表面的浓密的绒毛、在温度最高时关闭气孔以减少水分流失以及在干旱季初期通过卷起或脱落叶子,都可以减少经过叶片的水分的流失。

托福阅读长难句:兽群驯化

Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been, it seems entirely likely that much the same process of juxtaposition (living side by side) and control occurred in both southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even inEurope, among peoples who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle. (TPO28, 53)

tame /teɪm/ v. 使(某 物)驯服或顺从

intimate /'ɪntɪmət/ adj. 亲密的,亲切的;私人的,个人的;精通的,详尽的

(Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been), it seems entirely likely (that much the same process of juxtaposition(living side by side) and control occurred) (in both southwest Asia and northernAfrica, and even in Europe), (among peoples) (who had an intimate knowledge of the behavior of wild cattle).(TPO28, 53)

分析:

这个句子的主干就是:

it seems entirely likely,it指代后面的从句that

修饰一: (Whatever the source of the original tamed herds might have been) ,从句

中文:无论最初驯化的兽群起源于何处

修饰二:(that much the same process of juxtaposition (living side byside) and control occurred) ,从句

中文:和兽群毗邻而居并且控制它们的过程发生了

修饰三: (in both southwest Asia and northern Africa, and even in Europe) ,介词短语

中文:在南亚、北非甚至在欧洲

修饰四:(among peoples) ,介词短语

中文:在人民中

修饰五:(who had an intimate knowledge ofthe behavior of wild cattle).,从句

中文:对野生牛群行为了如指掌

参考翻译:

无论最初驯化的兽群起源于何处,在南亚、北非甚至在欧洲,那些对野生牛群行为了如指掌的人民当中,和兽群毗邻而居并且控制它们这样的过程极有可能发生了。


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