托福阅读句子简化题实例解析

托福阅读句子简化题实例解析, 如何利用逻辑解题法解决简化题。今天小编给大家带来托福阅读句子简化题实例解析 ,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读句子简化题实例解析 如何利用逻辑解题法解决简化题?

一.托福阅读句子简化题难点解析

在托福阅读题型中，句子简化题可算是一种让学生颇为头疼的题型了，首先这种题型涉及句子阅读与理解，需要考生有一个比较好的句子分析基础，另外，它又同文章段落结构相联系，同时答案又是选出简化后的内容，所以要求学生在确定文章主题以及段落大意的情况下，通过仔细阅读来确定某些特定句子的主要意思。

那么怎样做这类题才能达到较好的复习效果呢?今天我们就一起来学习一下怎么做简化题，下面我为大家介绍一种方法，即运用逻辑解题法，希望对大家有所帮助。

二.逻辑解题法简述

逻辑解题法，顾名思义就是通过对句子进行分析，在了解句子结构的基础上，分析句子的主要逻辑结构，找到句子所要表达的核心内容，然后对应答案，选出内容逻辑都符合的正确选项。句子简化题简化的是内容，但不是逻辑，所以通过逻辑解题法我们可以快速锁定正确答案范围。

逻辑解题法主要有以下三个步骤： 通读原句，分析句子结构，找到句子主干及句子所表达的主要逻辑关系 查看选项，排除非主干逻辑的选项 根据句子内容，对应逻辑关系的具体对象，选出正确答案。

三.托福阅读句子简化题实例解析

下面我们来看一个例子： 例: The extreme seriousness of desertification results from the vast areas of land and the tremendous numbers of people affected, as well as from the great difficulty of reversing or even slowing the process.

上面这句话就是一个高亮的句子，我们来看一下对应的 4 个选项： A. Desertification is a significant problem because it is so hard to reverse and affects large areas of land and great numbers of people. B. Slowing down the process of desertification is difficult because of population growth that has spread over large areas of land. C. The spread of deserts is considered a very serious problem that can be solved only if large numbers of people in various countries are involved in the effort. D. Desertification is extremely hard to reverse unless the population is reduced in the vast areas affected.

按照逻辑解题法的步骤，首先我们先分析一下原句，找到主干逻辑。很明显，这句话主语是 The extreme seriousness，谓语 results from，后面 as well as from 与前面并列，连接了并列宾语，所以这句话的主干逻辑就是 “result from” 所表现出来的因果关系。

第二步查看选项，我们可以直接排除 C D 两个选项，C 选项因果关系缺失，D 选项中 “unless” 表示句子逻辑关系，中文释义为“除非”，不是因果，所以 D 选项也没有因果概念。答案应该在 A B 之中选择。

第三步对应逻辑关系主要承接对象，选定最终答案。原句中 “result from” 前面的部分是结果部分，而 B 选项 “because of” 前面表示结果的部分跟原文中不一致，排除。A 选项的结果部分与原句的结果部分一致。所以选 A。最后，做完题还应进行验证。看这个题目选的这句话跟原文那句话的意思是否一致，规避一些基本的小错误。

此外，我们在考试的时候还会遇到一些比较复杂的句子，里面包含多种逻辑关系，在这种情况下，我们就需要分析哪个是主要逻辑，哪个是次要逻辑，最终根据分析，确定主要内容。比如下面这个例子：

例：He refused to develop projection technology, reasoning that if he made and sold projectors, then exhibitors would purchase only one machine-a projector-from him instead of several.

通过分析句子，我们可以看到，句子中有两个逻辑关系，一个是因果，一个是条件，“reasoning” 表示“因果关系”，“if” 表示“条件关系”。但是“条件”是被镶嵌在“因果”关系里面的，主干逻辑为 “a reasoning that b”，a 以 b 为原因，而这个原因就是 if 引导的从句，这意味着因果关系要比条件关系要高一层。所以我们在选择的时候主要的逻辑关系应该是因果，不是条件。看下面四个选项：

A. Edison was more interested in developing a variety of machines than in developing a technology based on only one. B. Edison refused to work on projection technology because he did not think exhibitors would replace their projectors with newer machines. C. Edison did not want to develop projection technology because it limited the number of machines he could sell. D. Edison would not develop projection technology unless exhibitors agreed to purchase more than one projector from him.

通过上述分析，我们可以知道，答案为 C，D 选项虽然与原句表达的意思相似，但是不能选 D。因为因果和条件这两种逻辑差别的关系：已经发生的事情属于因果关系，尚未发生的事情属于条件关系。

利用逻辑解题法解决托福阅读句子简化题是非常不错的选择，如果大家不会做这类题目，建议按照文中示例步骤来解决此类题目。句子简化题虽然乍一看难度很高，但是只要大家用对方法，多做练习，考试中遇到这里题目就能做的又快又对。

托福阅读素材：2012年驾驶新规

请看相关报道：

The Ministry of Public Security's amended regulations on driving licenses increase the penalties for motorists who run red lights, as well as authorities who issue licenses to new drivers who cause serious accidents.

公安部新修订的驾驶证使用规定加强了对司机闯红灯的处罚力度，同时新司机发生严重事故的也将对发证机关进行处罚。

新规中对running red light (闯红灯) 和 blocking or defacing license plates (遮挡、污损号牌) 等行为的point penalty (扣分处罚) 从之前的3分提高到6分; drunk driving (醉驾) 的客货车司机将面临 lifetime ban (终身禁驾)。

Newly qualified drivers (新司机)上高速必须由三年以上驾龄的司机陪同，一旦发生fatal accident(致命事故)将追究license-issuing authorities (发证机关)的责任。

托福阅读素材：每个女人都应该记住的10句名言

1. Muhhamad Ali Jinah:

穆罕默德·阿里·吉娜

There are two powers in the world; one is the sword and the other is the pen. There is a great competition and rivalry between the two. There is a third power stronger than both, that of the women.

世界上最强大的两种东西。一种是剑，一种是笔。这两者之间有很大的竞争性。世界上还有比这两种东西更强大的第三种，那就是女人。

2. Margaret Sanger:

玛格丽特·桑格

Woman must have her freedom, the fundamental freedom of choosing whether or not she will be a mother and how many children she will have. Regardless of what man's attitude may be, that problem is hers — and before it can be his, it is hers alone.

女人必须得有她的自由，最基本的自由是选择是否成为一位母亲以及将生几个孩子。不管男人的态度如何，那都是她自己的事情——也许最后男人也会参与进来，但首先将由她自己作出决定。

3. Marilyn Monroe:

玛丽莲·梦露

A wise woman likes but doesn't love, listens but doesn't believe and leaves before she is left.

聪明的女人会喜欢但不会深爱，会倾听但不会相信，会在被抛弃以前离开。

4. Dick Van Dyke:

迪克·范·戴克

Women will never be as successful as men because they have no wives to advise them.

女性绝不会有和男人一样的成功，因为她们没有妻子给她们建议。

5. Whitney Houston:

惠特尼·休斯顿

I like being a woman, even in a man's world. After all, men can't wear dresses, but we can wear the pants.

即使是生活在男人的世界里我也喜欢做女人。毕竟，男人不能穿裙子，但是我们能穿裤子。

6. Cameron Diaz:

卡梅隆·迪亚兹

What we women need to do, instead of worrying about what we don't have, is just love what we do have.

我们女人需要做的就是，与其担心我们没有的东西，还不如爱我们已经有的东西。

7. Farrah Fawcett:

法拉·弗西

God gave women intuition and femininity. Used properly, the combination easily jumbles the brain of any man I've ever met.

上帝给了女人直觉和女人味儿。使用合理的话，这两者结合就能很容易迷倒我曾遇到过的所有男性。

8. Yul Brynner:

尤尔·伯连纳

Girls have an unfair advantage over men: if they can't get what they want by being smart, they can get it by being dumb.

女孩儿有男孩儿没有的优势：如果她们不能通过变聪明得到她们想要的，那么她们可以通过变得愚笨得到。

9. Joseph Conrad:

约瑟夫·康拉德

Being a woman is a terribly difficult task, since it consists principally in dealing with men.

做女人难，因为主要是和男人打交道。

10. Oscar Wilde:

奥斯卡·王尔德

Women are made to be loved, not understood.

女人生来是被爱旳，而不是被理解的。

托福阅读素材：20几岁最需要学会的技能

What are the skills that are most important to learn during your 20s?

20几岁的时候最需要学的技能是什么?

1. Build a foundation for health.

锻炼强健的体魄。

In your twenties it's easy to feel like you're invincible. That fast food and the five margaritas you downed the night before burn right off and you wake up the next morning feeling fine. This does not last. Start building healthy habits now before they catch up to you later. At 30, I'm still struggling with this one myself. Get in the habit of eating healthfully and exercising. Your body will thank you for years later.

20几岁的时候，你很容易觉得自己所向披靡。吃个快餐、晚上喝的五杯玛格丽塔酒酒劲还没过，第二天醒来还感觉良好。但这持续不了多久的。在身体垮掉之前赶紧养成健康的习惯。30岁的时候，我仍旧在和自己的健康作斗争。习惯吃得健康一点，做做运动。几年之后，你的身体状况会感激你现在所作出的努力。

2. Learn resiliency.

学会振作。

Your twenties is a time when most are relatively free of the responsibilities that will increase into your thirties and forties. This is a great time to experiment, fail, and bounce back. Learn how to ride out failure and persevere. Life is full of challenges. The twenties are a great time to toughen up and start teaching yourself how to be emotionally and mentally resilient enough to weather both the joys and hardships to come.

20几岁是你最自由的时候，到了30岁和40岁的时候，责任就相对增加很多了。这是去尝试、失败、重新振作的最佳时期。学着怎么从失败当中爬起来并且坚持下去。生活中充满挑战。无论幸福还是悲伤，20岁都是你吃苦和学会怎么从精神上和身体上振作的最佳时期。

3. Figure out what lifestyle and career work for the real you.

找到你真正想要的生活方式和工作。

I felt like a failure throughout my twenties because most of my university friends seemed happy in corporate jobs that made me miserable. I felt constant pressure to fit a specific mold. It's only within the past year that I've started to come to terms with who I really am and what really makes me happy. Life is not one-size-fits-all. Choose the career and lifestyle that are true to you, not a version of that you wish you were.

20几岁的时候我觉得自己很失败，因为我大多数的大学同学都有着幸福的工作，这让我觉得自己很可悲。为了一定的目标，我不断给自己施加压力。过去的一年里，我才真正开始思考我到底是个什么样的人，什么才能使我快乐。没有任何一种生活方式能适合所有人。选择你自己真正想要的生活方式跟职业，而不是像你所希望的那样。

4. Learn to live within your means.

学会靠自己生活。

Learn smart financial management now. Learn how to live within a budget and maintain good credit. A mistake I once made, and one I still see a number of my peers making, is being a slave to lifestyle: taking cabs everywhere, buying expensive clothing, and having meals out constantly. This is stupid and reckless. I know people who were left completely adrift despite having made great salaries because they had no savings when their careers hit a rough patch. Their income was spent all on things that are frivolous. Luxuries are a wonderful thing only if you can truly afford them. Don't be a slave to funding a lifestyle that will not last. Learn to live modestly and save up, and then you will have earned the right to purchase yourself some treats, in moderation.

现在开始，学些理财知识吧。学着怎么在不打破预算的情况下生活，还保持良好的信用额度。我曾经犯过一个错误，现在我仍旧看见我的很多朋友在犯这个错误，那就是成为了生活方式的奴隶：无论去哪儿都打的，买昂贵的衣服，还有经常去外面吃饭。这是愚蠢和鲁莽的。我见过那种人，尽管工资很高，但是当他们的工作遇到困难的时候却因为没有积蓄而彻底绝望。他们把所有的收入都用在那些没有意义的东西上。只有当你真正能负担得起的时候，奢侈才是恰到好处。不要去选择一种不会持久的奴隶的生活方式。学会谦虚地生活还有节约，然后你就可以有节制地给自己来个奖励。

5. Choose who you spend your time with carefully.

认真选择你的伴侣。

Time is a precious commodity and you start to realize that increasingly into your mid to late twenties. Choose your friends wisely. Separate yourself from toxic or negative influences, those who would waste your time, and those who encourage you to focus on the unimportant. Seek out people who give you happiness, who inspire you, who support you, and nourish those relationships instead.

在你二十五六岁时候你会开始发现，时间是一件珍贵的商品。明智地选择你的朋友。不要让自己被有害的的或者消极的人所影响，那些人只会浪费你的时间，他们只会让你专注于那些不重要的事情上。看看谁能给你带来幸福，谁激励你，谁支持你，让你们之间的关系升温。