托福阅读易错题型思路分析

托福阅读易错题型思路分析 ,辞目的题如何高效解答?今天小编给大家带来了托福阅读易错题型思路分析,希望能够帮助到大家，下面小编就和大家分享，来欣赏一下吧。

托福阅读易错题型思路分析 修辞目的题如何高效解答?

托福阅读修辞目的题介绍

修辞目的题是常见于托福阅读部分的一种题型，这里的“修辞”并不是考查修辞方法，而是涉及相应段落在文章中的作用，如：总结，回答问题，反驳，解释说明等。而“目的”则是考查对文章展开形式的把握，是否了解到文章的结构为：观点+细节。

一般来说，题干长这样：“why does author mention ”注意这里的why不是定位文中的because来找答案，而是应采取这样一种思维即：题干作为一个细节，其存在的价值是为了支撑前面出现的观点，所以答案在题干细节出现的位置前面去找，也就是找到观点 (注意避开其他同样支撑观点的细节)

托福阅读修辞目的题实例讲解

实例1：

The fins are stiff, smooth, and narrow, qualities that also help cut drag. When not in use, the fins are tucked into special grooves or depressions so that they lie flush with the body and do not break up its smooth contours. Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight for the same reason.

1. Why does the author mention that Airplanes retract their landing gear while in flight?

A.To show that air resistance and water resistance work differently from each other.

B.To argue that some fishes are better designed than airplanes are.

C.To provide evidence that airplane engine have studied the design of fish bodies.

D.To demonstrate a similarity in design between certain fishes and airplanes.

本题中的利用题干中的landing gear很好定位，答案在此信息之前，文章作者用airplane来举例说明landing gear的功能，它受到这个的启发来自于fin are tucked into the grooves ordepressions(鱼鳍藏于侧身凹槽而不会破坏其本身的流线型题型)。而CD选项都提到了design, 但是C提到 了airplane engine，这一概念文中并未提及，所以是错误的，正确答案是D项。

实例2：

Paragraph 6: But neither the human imitativeinstinct nor a penchant for fantasy by itself leads to an autonomous theater.Therefore, additional explanations are needed. One necessary condition seems tobe a somewhat detached view of human problems. For example, one sign of thiscondition is the appearance of the comic vision, since comedy requires sufficient detachment to view some deviations from social norms as ridiculous rather thanas serious threats to the welfare of the entire group. Another condition thatcontributes to the development of autonomous theater is the emergence of theaesthetic sense.

2. Why does the author mention “comedy”?

A. To give an example of early types of theater.

B. To explain how theater helps a society respond to threats to its welfare.

C. To help explain why detachment is needed for the development of theater.

D. To show how theatrical performers become detached from other members of society.

本题中的comedy虽为一个小词，看似不起眼，但是它所存在的句子，句首为for example，这就构成了明显的举例关系，所以答案还是在前面找这个例子所证明的观点。第一句中的neither直接否定了两个观点，后面出现的therefore带起的句子是个过渡，第三句中才给出了detached view这一观点，因此看A项中没有detached相关的内容，排除，B项提到了welfare，无关信息，排除。C和D提到了detach但是D项中的other members没有提到。故，选C。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：对战争侵略行为的认识

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

For example, people who believe that aggression is necessary and justified--as during wartime--are likely to act aggressively, whereas people who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust, or who think that aggression is never justified, are less likely to behave aggressively.

词汇讲解：

aggression n. 侵略

justified adj. 合理的，正当的

unjust adj. 不公正的，不公平的

结构划分：

For example, people (who believe that aggression is necessary and justified--as during wartime--) are likely to act aggressively, whereas people (who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust), or (who think that aggression is never justified), are less likely to behave aggressively.

深度分析：

修饰一：(who believe that aggression is necessary and justified--as during wartime--)，从句，修饰people，注意里面还有一个从句(that aggression is necessary and justified)

中文：相信侵略是必要的合理的(诸如战争时期)

修饰二：(who believe that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust) ，从句，修饰people，注意里面还有一个从句(that a particular war or act of aggression is unjust)

中文：相信一场特别的战争或侵略行为是不公正的人们

修饰三：(who think that aggression isnever justified)，从句，修饰people，

中文：认为侵略从来不是合理的人们

主干部分：表示对比的句子：people are likely to act aggressively whereas people are less likely to behave aggressively.

参考翻译：

例如，相信侵略是必要的合理的(诸如战争时期)的人们就有可能行为有侵略性;然而，相信一场特别的战争或侵略行为是不公正的，或者，认为侵略从来不是合理的人们，就少有可能行为有侵略性。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：太平洋地区的殖民探险

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

Contrary to the arguments of some that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift, it seems reasonable that this feat was accomplish ed by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals.

词汇讲解：

maroon /mə'ruːn/ v. 放逐到无人岛上，使孤立

adrift /ə'drɪft/ adj. 漂流的，漂泊的

feat /fiːt/ n. 功绩，伟业

deliberate /dɪ'lɪbərət/ adj. 故意的，刻意的

set out 从某地出发

stock v. 贮备，贮存

domesticate /də'mɛstɪket/ v. 驯养(动物等)

结构划分：

Contrary to the arguments of some (that much of the pacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift), it seems reasonable (that this feat was accomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions (that set out fully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. ) )

深度分析：

修饰一：(that much of thepacific was settled by Polynesians accidentally marooned after being lost and adrift)，从句，修饰arguments

中文：波利尼西亚人是在偶尔迷失和漂流被困住而定居在大部分太平洋地区

修饰二：在上一个从句里还有一个省略的从句(after being lost and adrift) =(after Polynesians were lost and adrift)

修饰三：(that set outfully stocked with food and domesticated plants and animals. )，从句，修饰expeditions，注意这里(fully stocked with food and domesticated plants andanimals. )，非谓语动词修饰set out

中文：出发时充分贮存了食物和被驯化动植物

主干：大家注意，(that this feat wasaccomplished by deliberate colonization expeditions that set out fully stockedwith food and domesticated plants and animals.)， it seems reasonable中的 it指代这个从句，真正的主语是这个从句

参考翻译：

和某些人的观点相反，这些观点认为波利尼西亚人是在偶尔迷失和漂流被困住而定居在大部分太平洋地区，另外一种观点似乎更加合理，认为这些功绩是通过故意的并且出发时充分贮存了食物和被驯化动植物的殖民探险来实现的。

托福阅读高难度文章长难句实例解析：冰川架结构的形成原理

托福阅读100个长难句实例分析

原句案例：

The ice shelf cores, with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet), were long enough to penetrate through glacial ice—which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles—and to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice formed from seawater that freezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice.

词汇讲解：

penetrate /'penɪtreɪt/ v. 进入或穿过某物;充满，遍布

compact /kəm'pækt/ v. 将(某物)紧压在一起

结构划分：

The ice shelf cores, (with a total length of 215 meters(705 feet)),were long enough (to penetrate through glacial ice)—(which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles)—and (to continue into the clear, bubble-free ice) (formed from seawater)(tha tfreezes onto the bottom of the glacial ice.)

深度分析：

修饰一： (with a total length of 215 meters(705 feet))，介词短语，修饰the iceshelf cores，修饰成分一般放后面

中文：总长为215米(705英尺)

修饰二：(to penetrate through glacial ice)，非谓语动词

中文：穿透冰川冰

修饰三：(which is formed from the compaction of snow and contains air bubbles)，从句，修饰glacial ice，修饰成分一般放后面

中文：由压缩的雪形成的并包含气泡

修饰四：(to continue into the clear,bubble-free ice)，非谓语动词

中文：继续进入清澈的、没有气泡的冰

修饰五：(formed from seawater) ，非谓语动词，修饰the clear, bubble-free ice

中文：由海水形成

修饰六：(that freezes onto the bottom ofthe glacial ice.) ，从句，修饰seawater

中文：凝固在冰川冰底部

主干：括号外面的，The iceshelf cores were long enough，主和谓语中间被解词短语with a total length of 215 meters (705 feet)隔开

参考翻译：

总长为215米(705英尺)的冰架核已足以穿透(由压缩的雪形成的并包含气泡)的冰川冰，随后穿透清澈的、没有气泡的冰，这些冰是由凝固在冰川冰底部的海水形成的。